Heaviside-Lorentz unit system

The Heaviside-Lorentz System of Units ( HLE ) is a physical system of units . It is named after Oliver Heaviside and Hendrik Antoon Lorentz .

One advantage of the Heaviside-Lorentz system of units is the simplification of the Maxwell equations as far as possible . In the Heaviside-Lorentz system of units, the -factors are omitted or take the value 1. In return, other equations are created in the HLE that contain 4π factors. ${\displaystyle \varepsilon _{0}}$

In theoretical physics , especially high-energy physics , the Heaviside-Lorentz system of units is used to make derivations and the structure of formulas clearer. For comparison, you can then convert to the Gaussian system of units or the SI system of units .

definition

The HLE is related to the Gaussian system of units and thus represents a special CGS system of units . Where the SI system is, the HLE is 1. Where the SI system is, the HLE is typically 1. In formulas with time derivatives , including speeds , current intensities and current densities , there are also powers of . For more details, see CGS Units of Electrodynamics and Electromagnetic Units of Measure . ${\displaystyle \varepsilon _{0}}$ ${\displaystyle \mu _{0}}$ ${\displaystyle c^{-1}}$

Coulomb's law

In relation to the definition of in electromagnetic units selected HLE . Coulomb's law thus has the form (with ). ${\displaystyle k_{1}}$ ${\displaystyle k_{1}={\frac {1}{4\pi }}}$ ${\displaystyle {\vec {F}}={\frac {q_{1}q_{2}\cdot {\vec {r}}}{4\pi \cdot r^{3}}}}$ ${\displaystyle r=\left|{\vec {r}}\right|=\left|{\vec {r}}(q_{1})-{\vec {r}}(q_{2})\right|}$

Here the size can be interpreted as the electrical flux per spherical surface , i.e. the electrical flux density . This corresponds to the field strength that is generated by at the location of . ${\displaystyle {\frac {q_{2}\cdot {\vec {r}}}{4\pi \cdot r^{3}}}}$ ${\displaystyle {\vec {E}}_{2}}$ ${\displaystyle q_{2}}$ ${\displaystyle q_{1}}$

This definition is in HLE Coulomb's law even easier . ${\displaystyle {\vec {F}}=q_{1}\cdot {\vec {E}}_{2}}$

See also

• Electromagnetic Units - With comparison table for SI (MKS), Gauss and HLE

Web links

• Heaviside-Lorentz Units