Herrengasse and Bierjodlgasse (Salzburg)
The Herrengasse (formerly also called Pfaffengasse or Hundsgasse ) is a narrow, slightly winding alley at the foot of the fortress mountain in the old town of Salzburg, which connects Kapitelplatz with Kaigasse. The building on the mountain side almost entirely goes back to the layout of the alley in the Middle Ages. The name Herrengasse or Pfaffengasse refers to the fact that beneficiaries of the cathedral, so-called clergymen, lived in the Herrengasse for eight centuries. The historical name Hundsgasse probably refers to the so-called "Nonnberger Hund", a Romanesque stone sculpture that marks the border between the monastery district of Stift Nonnberg and the city above the street and actually represents a lion. Possibly the term dog is also a pejorative synonym for “bad man”, since there has been a (rather modest) women's shelter ( joy house ) in Herrengasse 30 (later Herrengasse 18) since 1360) existed, which was overseen by the executioner (executioner, Freimann) for a long time as a sideline.
The Bierjodlgasse prolongs the alley to the west and leads behind the houses Kapitelplatz 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 for Festungsgasse. Its name is derived from the same house, Herrengasse 8 = Bierjodlgasse 6, which was transformed from a clerical mansion into a beer inn around 1685. The Bierjodlgasse was once called after living there Coopers also Bindergasse .
Remarkable buildings of the alley
Pfaffenhaus
(Bierjodlgasse 4)
The house is called in 1570 "the Haws live in it, the Caplans live in it and belong to the parish, as they have lived in there from old age." The house was used as a rectory until around 1640, when it went into private hands. After 1900 first the Gasthaus zur Goldenen Schlange, later it is the "infant care center" (kindergarten).
Referentknechthaus
(Bierjodlgasse 5)
The house is mentioned for the first time in 1434 as a servant's house next to the Pfaffenhaus, which in the Middle Ages, together with houses No. 6 and No. 8, was owned by the Samerkapelle Foundation at the former cathedral cemetery, which Ulrich der Samer once donated and which was overseen by the cathedral chapter. It has a very simple exterior facade.
Bierjodlwirt, previously beneficiary house of the clergymen
(Bierjodlhaus 6 = Herrengasse 8)
Today this house is the Gasthaus zum Weissen Kreuz. In 1647 this house was called the Capitular Baptist House, in 1682 the beneficiary house. The clergymen of the cathedral lived here for a long time until the cathedral chapter sold the house to a beer tapper (innkeeper) around 1685. In 1775 the house was first called Bierjodlhaus. The name probably comes from the host Matthias Grill, whose nickname was "Jodl", a name that was actually used colloquially for bulls. This former inn is named after Bierjodlgasse today. Above the rectangular inscription field there is a house blessing picture with an early Baroque frame, the present day blessing picture by the Salzburg graphic artist Leonhard Stemeseder created around 1965.
Stocklhaus
The house (Herrengasse 10) has a rectangular portal with a historic door. On the facade there is the Virgin and Child as a house blessing picture.
Herrengasse 12
“Klocker new Widmann dwelling”: The house blessing picture shows the Holy Family (1436). It was once also called "Oblaterhaus in Hundsgasse" after the first documented owners were called Matthäus Walfing, Elisabeth Oblater and their daughter in 1512, before the house became the property of the cathedral chapter.
Leyerbrunnhaus
The essentially late-Gothic Leyerbrunnhaus (Herrengasse 14) has a round-arched conglomerate portal. The window frames are framed with cleaning bottles.
Krinnerhaus
The house at Herrengasse 20, also called Wächterstöckl or Turmwachterstöckl, is attached to the fortress mountain.
Glasses Bruckler House
(Herrengasse 22)
The dominant but outwardly simple house, which is dominant in the course of the street and was mentioned as early as 1376 under the owner Heinrich der Graesler, is also called Heisserhaus, the later separated small house at Herrengasse 22 a, attached to the fortress mountain, was called Graeslerhaus in the late Middle Ages and later "Glasses Brucknerhaus" .
Sonic hammer house
(Herrengasse 28)
The Schallhammerhaus has a late Gothic round arch portal and a red marble slab with the inscription "Linhard Marl 1509" and a depiction of the Good Shepherd as a blessing picture. The house also has a preserved arched storage elevator door in the attic.
literature
- Bernd Euler, Ronald Gobiet u. a .: The art monuments of Austria - SALZBURG city and country , Verlag Schroll Vienna, 1986, ISBN 3-7031-0599-2
- FW Zillner; History of the City of Salzburg, - special volumes of the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies, Salzburg 1885
- Josef Hübl: Local history of the city of Salzburg , Verlag Salzburger Druckerei, Salzburg 1965