Historic water supply for the city of Bamberg
The water supply of the city of Bamberg was previously secured by private and public wells; Furthermore, there was a kind of long-distance water supply from sources that were sometimes far away for church institutions and later also for municipal institutions and private households.
Water supply from the Michaelsberg Forest
In the Michaelsberger Wald there is a source of a water pipe from the 12th century, which still exists today. It originally consisted of pierced tree trunks, later of brick pipes and then of lead pipes. Between 1970 and 1980 this line was completely renewed.
This spring water pipe supplied the St. Getreu Propstei (later the mental hospital of the same name), the Merkurbrunnen, the kitchen and brewery of the St. Michael monastery as well as the dolphin fountain on the Michelsberger Terraces, and since 1783 also the newly constructed fountain opposite the hospital in the Unteren Sand road, as the final outlet to the east. Another final outlet in the north was in the nursery at Maienbrunnen.
In the early 20th century, an underground extinguishing water pond was created under the lawn in front of the Michaelsberg monastery church , which is also fed from this spring pipe.
Water supply through the lower Maienbrunnen
The spring outlet located on the stairs between Untere Sandstraße and Maienbrunnen was first mentioned in descriptions of the situation in 1371. In 1439 Fritz Löffelholz donated an amount of 20 guilders to the structural maintenance of the water pipeline going from here, which supplied the Elisabeth Hospital, founded in 1324 by Chunrat Eseler, with water. In 1510 Heinrich Marschalk von Raueneck donated ten guilders, the interest income of which was also intended to be used for the maintenance of the Marga-Brünnlein. The current fountain square was probably created through the redesign and construction of the stairs in 1824; This spring outlet supplied a stream until 1873, which was piped in 1873.
Water supply through the Friedrich-Quelle
The outlet of the Friedrich-Quelle, which is still visible today, between Bamberg and the Bug district , was set in pipes at the end of the 17th century, led through the left Regnitzarm and supplied the Gabelmannsbrunnen, the Katharinenspital, the Franziskanerbrunnen in Kapuzinerstraße and private houses with water.
Water supply from the Holy Hole and the Devil's Trench
The Domberg's water supply, if not secured by its own well, was provided by a system of pipes from two widely separated water collection points.
The water collection site to the south, which is located near the Christian cult site Heiliges Loch in the Panzerleite, was combined with the pipeline from the Teufelsgraben to the west of Toompea. The water coming from the Devil's Ditch took the sluggish water coming from the Holy Hole with it. The well rooms in Teufelsgraben that are still in existence today bear the dates of their renovation 1681 and 1705. One of them was equipped with a room for the water keeper.
The management supplied the Carmelite monastery, probably also before the Cistercian monastery on the same place, as well as the court kitchen in the residence, the fountain on Domplatz and the no longer existing fountains in the park of Greiffenklau-Hof (Domstrasse 5). The only visible relic of this Domberg water supply is the now covered water basin in the old court (Bamberg) ; this was certainly also used for fire protection.
Private well
On many properties there were and still are wells for their own supply. These so-called house wells outdoors are listed in the address book of the city of Bamberg from 1816. The wells inside the houses are not included.
Individual evidence
literature
Norbert Haas, Bamberger Brunnen , self-published, 1984