Hollow wheel

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"Hohles Rad" around 1824

A hollow wheel , also known as Hayner's impeller , was a somatotherapeutic aid in 19th century psychiatry . It is an apparatus designed on the principle of an impeller in a small animal cage for patients in asylums . His invention is associated with the doctors and psychiatrists Johann Gottfried Langermann , Johann Christian Reil and Christian August Fürchtegott Hayner . According to Hayner, 1818, it was used to "... persistently call the distracted back to himself, to draw the absorbed from his dream world into the real one."

Gottlob AE von Nostitz and Jänkendorf reported on the development and application in 1829: “This is how Reil came up with the idea, which he owed to the ingenious Langermann, to construct a hollow wheel, similar to the one in which the goldfinches walk. This idea was gradually realized by having a hollow wheel made of such a construction that the patient enjoys rest as long as he remains calm, but is dragged away in motion as soon as he moves; furthermore that the patient is not damaged or pressed by anything on his body, so that it depends entirely on him to be calm or not, (...) You can give the patient six and thirty to eight and forty hours (with appropriate interruptions) in to be brought to the device, which D. Hayner did with violent madmen with good results (...) whereby their insides were calmed and their paroxism was shortened. "

Maximilian Jacobi judged in 1834: "Just as little as the rotary bed does the institution need the hollow wheel, since, even if it is safe in its application, it should only bring decisive advantages in a few cases ..."

An original copy is on display in the Haina Psychiatry Museum.

See also

literature

  • Adolph Carl Peter Callisen: Medicinisches Writer-Lexicon of the now living doctors, surgeons, obstetricians, pharmacists, and naturalists of all educated nations, volumes 17-18 . Publisher: Printed in Königl. Deaf-mute institute of Schleswig, 1833. Page 271.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helmut Siefert : The forced chair. An example of how the mentally ill were dealt with in Haina in the 19th century. In: W. Heinemeyer, T. Plünder (Ed.): 450 years of psychiatry in Hesse. Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse (47). Elwert publishing house. Marburg 1983, pp. 309-320.
  2. ↑ Lars Helferich: The Exclusion / Inclusion Debate in Psychiatry and its Effects on the Social Position of Those Affected Diploma thesis, 2011.
  3. ↑ General German biography, Wikisource - Hayner, Christian August Fürchtegott
  4. ↑ Karl Heinrich Baumgärtner Handbook of the special theory of diseases and healing with special consideration for physiology. Volume 2. Publisher: LF Rieger u. Comp., 1842. page 605
  5. ↑ Gesa Coordes: Haina Psychiatry Museum: “Raging people” in chains and in the “hollow wheel”. In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt , 1996; 93 (44): A-2886 / B-2454 / C-2298
  6. ↑ Christian August Fürchtegott Hayner : About some mechanical devices that can be used with benefit in asylums. In: Journal for Psychic Doctors , Volume 1, Issue 3, 1818, p. 339.
  7. ↑ Gottlob AE von Nostitz and Jänkendorf : Description of the royal. Sächsischen Heil- und Verpflegungsanstalt Sonnenstein : with remarks about institutions for the production or custody of the mentally ill. Volume 1, Issue 1, 1829, p. 289 in the footnote (digitized version)
  8. ↑ Maximilian Jacobi: About the establishment and establishment of insane sanctuaries: with a detailed description of the insane sanatorium in Siegburg. Verlag Reimer, 1834 ( digitized version )
  9. ^ Psychiatry museum in the former Haina monastery. Impeller and forced chair: How restless mentally ill people were treated in the past. In: HNA , April 21, 2017