Horner Bund

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Horner Bund was an association founded on October 3, 1608, of the mostly Protestant estates of Lower Austria , which were also joined by those of Upper Austria , to defend their interests and rights against the sovereign Matthias . The sovereign also had to accommodate the estates on questions of denomination. The union remained in place and was forcibly dissolved because of its support for the Bohemian uprising .

prehistory

The mostly Protestant estates of Upper and Lower Austria had sided with Matthias in the dispute between Emperor Rudolf II and his brother Matthias ("brotherly quarrel in the House of Habsburg"). The support of the Austrian, Hungarian and Moravian estates ensured that Matthias was able to achieve a division of power between him and Emperor Rudolf in the Treaty of Love on June 23, 1608. Matthias got Austria, Hungary and Moravia, while Rudolf kept Bohemia, Silesia and Lusatia.

In order to be recognized as sovereign, homage from the estates was required. The usual method of paying homage in the Austrian states was that the new sovereign first had to guarantee the privileges of the estates before they officially paid homage to him. Matthias tried to reverse the order, which led to the so-called “tribute dispute” with the majority of the Protestant estates. Above all, the right to practice the Protestant religion was controversial.

history

The Lower Austrian nobility gathered in the small town of Horn , which belonged to the Protestant von Puchheim family. 166 nobles came together there: 73 gentlemen from 34 families and 93 knights from 68 families. Following the Polish model, they formed a confederation against Matthias. They wrote taxes and armed their subjects. They affirmed their will not to take the oath of homage until Matthias, for his part, would recognize the rights of the estates and turn off certain Gravamina . An alliance that served the same goals was concluded with the Upper Austrian estates.

In 1609 a settlement was made that made concessions to the estates on the question of religion. Thereupon they took the oath of allegiance to the sovereign. The federal government did not dissolve, however. At the beginning of the Thirty Years' War , the Horner Bund was allied with the rebels in Bohemia, which were also based on estates. Thereupon the imperial general Charles Bucquoi conquered Horn. The leader Reichhardt von Puchheim was condemned as a rebel. The federal government was declared dissolved.

See also

swell

  • The Federal Letter of the Protestant Estates in Austria . ddo. Horn October 3rd, 1608 [with all signatures] according to the original in the archives of the Lower Austrian landscape, with genealogical-biographical notes by Adalbert Mainhard Böhm. In: Notes sheet . Supplement to the archive for customers of Austrian history sources, 4, 1852, pp. 321–328, 345–352, 371–376 and 390–395 (books.google.de, accessed on January 6, 2012)

literature

Web links