Inclusivism
In the theology of religion, inclusivism is a form of theological assessment of other religions or, within Christianity, a form of assessment of other denominations .
He recognizes that other religions can also have salvation significance, but that this salvation significance only reaches its full development and significance in one's own religion. Your own position is understood as an unsurpassable salvation truth. Your own religion is therefore superior to all others.
Inclusivism represents, on the one hand, an opposing position to exclusivism , which sees one's own religion as the only true or salvific religion, but, on the other hand, also an opposing position to pluralism , which considers at least some other religions to be of equal value.
In the Catholic Church, an inclusiveist paradigm is sometimes used in ecumenical questions, according to which only the Catholic Church is the Church in the true sense and other denominations as " Church communities " only have a share in it (cf. Dominus Iesus ).
The model of mutual inclusivism offers a theoretical possibility for self-positioning in interreligious dialogue. The religions' claims to superiority and absoluteness stand side by side in an unharmonised manner and their own self-image and validity remain unrestricted. This theory prevents the relativization and thus also the distortion of the respective inner perspective.
See also
- Religious theological pluralism
- Interiorism
- Paul Hacker (Inclusiveism)
literature
- Reinhold Bernhardt : End of the dialogue? The encounter of religions and their theological reflection (Contributions to a Theology of Religions 2), Zurich 2006. ISBN 978-3-290-17391-3 ; ISBN 3-290-17391-7
- Reinhold Bernhardt : "Mutual Inclusiveism", in: Ders .: End of the dialogue? The encounter of religions and their theological reflection, Zurich: Theologischer Verlag, 2005, pp. 206–219.
- Reinhold Bernhardt : Inter-Religio Das Christianentum in relation to other religions (Contributions to a Theology of Religions 16), Zurich 2019.
- Christian Danz : Introduction to the theology of religions (text and study books on theology, Volume 1), Vienna 2005. ISBN 3-8258-7058-8
- John Hick et al .: Four Views on Salvation in a Pluralistic World , Zondervan Pub. House: Grand Rapids, 1996, ISBN 0310212766 Adversarial treatment of exclusive, inclusive and pluralistic views.
- Bernd Irlenborn : Religious theological inclusivism. A philosophical justification . In: Theologie und Philosophie 86 (2011), pp. 161–181.