Resident
As residents , one describes certain people and groups of people who differentiate themselves from people outside a country on the basis of certain criteria. The national concept plays an important role , particularly in the context of national accounts .
National accounts
As residents are called in the National Accounts (SNA), the inhabitants of a country, ie all persons residing in the economic territory of a country (with and without citizenship ), even if they should be temporarily absent.
The size is important when differentiating between the national concept (also known as the place of residence concept, used e.g. for gross national income ) and the domestic concept (also called the place of work concept, used e.g. for the gross domestic product ). For the first concept, all economic subjects resident in the country (i.e. the residents) are taken into account, for the second all those economic subjects (residents and foreigners ) who are responsible for economically relevant transactions within the framework of the national accounts . For the transition from the domestic to the domestic concept, the inbound commuters from abroad are added to the country and the outbound commuters are deducted from the domestic to the foreign country.
EU residents and EU foreigners
In the political and media language within the European Union (EU), citizens of another member state are referred to as “EU foreigners” and their states as “EU countries”, to be understood by “residents” in the narrower sense and by citizens of “third countries” ”And“ third countries ”. The official and legal language, on the other hand, distinguishes between only two categories: “EU Nationals” and “Non-EU Nationals” (e.g. passport control counters at airports).
Depending on the context, it can be legally nonsensical for EU citizens who have the same EU citizenship, the same EU passports and who live in the same constitutional and legal order to be mutually referred to as "EU foreigners".
Residents in accordance with the inheritance tax law
The German inheritance tax law defines the resident in Section 2 (1) ErbStG . In particular, residents of Germany include all natural persons who have their place of residence or their habitual abode in Germany, as well as German citizens who have not resided abroad for longer than five years without having a domicile in Germany. Residents are subject to unlimited tax liability .
Residents in foreign trade law
The foreign trade law used since September 2013 instead of the no longer used term residents the legal term residents for all natural or legal persons or commercial partnerships with residence or registered office in Germany ( § 2 para. 15, AWG ).
Colloquial meaning
In colloquial language , this word with negative connotation is also used as the opposite of foreigner . Conversely, the term “de facto residents” has recently been used in jurisprudence for those “foreigners” who have lived more or less long and integrated in Germany without being citizens of the respective country.
literature
- Gerold Schmidt, Sprachwandel und Sprachneubildung through the Unification of Europe, in: Mutterssprache, 84th year 1974, pp. 409–419
- Ders., EU residents, in: General-Anzeiger, Bonn, v. March 11, 2008 p. 15
