Interaction analysis
In empirical classroom research, interaction analysis is a method for classroom analysis, particularly of the interactions between teachers and students, which is continued in the present by teaching-learning research .
Between 1960 and 1970, the American psychologist Ned A. Flanders ( University of Michigan ) developed a systematic microanalysis to analyze teaching situations in teacher training . B. tries to record the Flanders' Interaction Analysis Categories (FIAC) in minute detail in a classroom . It focuses on the verbal utterances of the teacher: praise and criticism, information, requests, etc.
FIAC method: class observation based on a system of categories, quantitative survey of the frequency of a) teacher-initiated action and b) student-initiated action, additionally categorization of the type of interaction
Categories of interaction analysis according to Flanders "FIAC" (1970)
Teacher's remarks
- accepts feelings from students
- praises, encourages
- accepts or uses students' thoughts
- asks questions
- Teacher lecture, opinions on content, explanations
- gives instructions
- Criticizes or justifies his authority
Student statements
- reply
- Initiatives
- Silence or confusion, residual category
A behavior should be categorized every 3 seconds. During the evaluation, the collected data is entered in a matrix. An example for clarification: if a teacher praised someone, then a student took the initiative and then the teacher asked a question, this results in the number combination “2 9 4”. Now enter a point under “2-9” and a point under “9-4” in a grid of 10 × 10 boxes. In the end, this grid clearly shows which actions often follow one another in the observed interaction process. Flanders determined which chains of action z. B. indicate the indirect influence of the teacher (e.g. "1-1", "3-2") and which e.g. B. rather point out the direct influence of the teacher on the students (e.g. "7-6", "7-7"). Row and column sums can also be created, which are then used to determine probabilities. If you convert the column totals into percentages, the total share of teacher and student interaction in the event can be shown.
literature
- Flanders, Ned A. (1961): Analyzing Teacher Behavior as part of the teaching-learning process . [pdf, 1.21 MB]. In: Educational Leadership, December 1961 , 153–180 & 200
- Flanders, Ned A. (1970): Analyzing teaching behavior , Reading (Mass.)
- Richert, Peggy (2009): Lessons as teacher-student interaction , in: Arnold u. a .: Handbuch Studium , Klinkhardt, pp. 168–171 ISBN 9783825284237
- Tausch, Reinhard & Anne-Marie Tausch ( 11 1998): Educational psychology - psychological processes in education and teaching , Göttingen: Hogrefe. ISBN 9783801710002
Web links
- Learning path for the method of interaction analysis in the online case archive for school education at the University of Kassel (Author: Krummheuer, Götz)
- Profile of Ned A. Flanders on the homepage of Kappa Delta Pi, International Honor Society in Education