Interleukin-2 receptor
| Interleukin-2 receptor α chain | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Structure of the α chain | ||
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Existing structural data: [1] |
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| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 251 amino acids, 55 kD | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene names | IL2RA IL2R CD25 IDDM10 | |
| External IDs | ||
| Interleukin-2 receptor β chain | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Structure of the β chain | ||
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 75 kD | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene names | IL2RB CD122 | |
| External IDs | ||
| Interleukin-2 receptor γ chain | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Structure of the γ chain | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 64 kD | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene name (s) | IL2RG SCIDX1 IMD4 CD132 | |
| External IDs | ||
The interleukin-2 receptor is a heterotrimeric transmembrane protein found on the surface of lymphoid cells. The cytokine interleukin-2 binds to the receptor and activates it. By controlling regulatory T cells (T Reg ), the α chain is involved in the regulation of immune tolerance .
The proteolytically split off α chain occurs in the plasma as a soluble interleukin-2 receptor α (sIL-2Rα). The release is proportional to the expression of the membrane-bound receptor.
Clinical relevance
The concentration of the soluble interleukin-2 receptor α (sIL-2Rα) in the serum is of laboratory importance for assessing the activity of sarcoidosis , for questions about the rejection of transplants , and for autoimmune diseases . In contrast to global inflammation parameters such as the C-reactive protein (CRP) or the sedimentation rate (BKS), a statement can be made about the activation of T lymphocytes. Other authors, however, describe it as a “very unspecific marker of an activation of the immune system”.
literature
- Lothar Thomas (ed.): Laboratory and diagnosis . 8th edition. tape 2 . TH-Books, Frankfurt / Main 2012, ISBN 978-3-9805215-8-1 , p. 1328 ff .
- Laboratory Lexicon: Interleukin-2 Receptor. In: laborlexikon.de. Retrieved August 9, 2016 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ IL2RA - Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - IL2RA gene & protein. In: uniprot.org. Retrieved August 9, 2016 .
- ^ Institute for Medical Diagnostics Berlin-Potsdam: Soluble IL2 receptor in serum. In: imd-berlin.de. Retrieved August 9, 2016 .
- ↑ G. Horneff: Cytokines . In: N. Wagner, G. Dannecker (Ed.): Pediatric Rheumatology . 2nd Edition. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2014, ISBN 978-3-642-34727-6 , pp. 39 .