Interpersonal circumplex

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The interpersonal circumplex is a social science model for personality and emotions . The term was introduced by Jerry S. Wiggins ( Lit .: Wiggins, 1982).

The arrangement of variables used to measure interpersonal relationships in a circular two-dimensional diagram (hence the term circumplex ) goes back to Timothy Leary ( Lit .: Leary, 1957). Circumplex models have established themselves in a wide variety of areas, for example in emotion psychology and in interpersonal trait research . The interpersonal circumplex (IPC) is considered to be one of the best researched and elaborated models for describing and measuring personality.

General model description

Behavior in communicative situations can be described as a phenomenon through observation by a third person or through subsequent reflection . The social and communicative competence (interpersonal competence) can be conceptualized and described in the “Circumplex” as a general structural model for feelings (emotions) and personality. The respective situation is the starting point for considerations about interpersonal relationships. The model also provides indications that one person's behavior determines another person's behavior.

The "Circumplex" has a circular structure and represents similarities and polarities of a relationship on the circumference. Expressed statistically, there is a systematically decreasing or increasing correlation between conceptually similar or opposing elements (facets) of interpersonal behavior. A pair of opposites always expresses a conflict, e.g. B. subliminally felt or addressed openly, avoided or processed, rejected or accepted.

The property model of personality

A person with an individual character, a clearly contoured character and a pronounced self-confidence is in common parlance a personality . From their actions or from their past actions, specific characteristics can be named that characterize them. The personality model with the Big Five provides helpful orientation that is scientifically recognized.

The example of “maternal behavior towards the child” should clarify the model:

Interpersonal Circumplex.png

The descriptions form a relevant set of observable behavior between mother and (own) child. They are initially assumed hypothetically, form the basis of measurements and, after a factor analysis, are arranged on the circle in such a way that similar terms are next to each other and opposing terms are opposite each other. The advantage of this representation results from the fact that polarities can be taken into account as inappropriate behavior in interpersonal communication.

Measuring instruments

Various psychometric questionnaires based on the interpersonal circumplex model have been developed, for example

  • the inventory of interpersonal problems (IIP-D)
  • the Interpersonal Adjective Scales (IAS)
  • the Inventory of Interpersonal Strengths (IIS)
  • the Circumplex Scales of Interpersonal Values (CSIV)

literature

  • Timothy Leary: Interpersonal diagnosis of personality. Ronald, New York 1957.
  • JS Wiggins: Circumplex models of interpersonal behavior in clinical psychology. In: Philip C. Kendall, James N. Butcher (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology (pp. 183-221). Wiley, New York 1982, ISBN 0-471-07980-4 .
  • JS Wiggins, KK Trobst: When is a circumplex an "interpersonal circumplex"? The case of supportive actions. In: Robert Plutchik & HR Conte (Eds.), Circumplex models of personality and emotions (pp. 57-80). American Psychological Association, Washington (DC) 1997, ISBN 1-55798-380-1 .
  • Jerry S. Wiggins: An Informal History of the Interpersonal Circumplex Tradition. In: Journal of Personality Assessment, 2/66/1996, pp. 217-234, ( introduction ), printed: ISSN  0022-3891
  • Peter Manfred Muck: The interpersonal circumplex as the basis of a property theory of interpersonality in a professional context. dissertation.de, Berlin 2003 (also University of Hohenheim, dissertation), ISBN 3-89825-694-4 .
  • Ingo Jacobs, Wolfgang Scholl: Interpersonal adjective list (IAL). The empirical implementation of theoretical circumplex properties for the measurement of interpersonal styles. Diagnostica, 51 (3): 145-155 (2005) ( abstract ), printed: ISSN  0012-1924

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jerry S. Wiggins, Paul Trapnell & Norman Phillips: Psychometric and Geometric Characteristics of the Revised Interpersonal Adjective Scales (IAS-R) . Multivariate Behavioral Research 23 (4), 1988, pp. 517-530, doi : 10.1207 / s15327906mbr2304_8 .
  2. ^ Robert L. Hatcher, Daniel T. Rogers: Development and validation of a measure of interpersonal strengths: The Inventory of Interpersonal Strengths. Psychological Assessment 21 (4), 2009, pp. 554-569, doi : 10.1037 / a0017269 .
  3. ↑ Kenneth D. Locke, Circumplex Scales of Interpersonal Values: Reliability, Validity, and Applicability to Interpersonal Problems and Personality Disorders. Journal of Personality Assessment 75 (2), pp. 249-267, doi : 10.1207 / S15327752JPA7502_6 .