Ion regulation
As ion regulation in are biology all processes referred to the ion ratios in the cell interior and the extracellular body fluids set, both between the external medium and body fluid and between body fluid and cell interior.
The composition of the extracellular body fluids, i.e. the blood and the intercellular fluid, almost corresponds to that of the seawater in all animals, namely a high Na + and Cl - concentration and a low K + concentration. The ion concentrations thus indicate the marine origin of the animals.
The ion concentration gradients between the cell interior and the cell exterior are adjusted by membrane transport proteins . A distinction is made between carriers ( carrier proteins ) and ion channels ( channel proteins ). Both are integral membrane proteins and allow ions to be transported through the membrane by passing through the lipid bilayers of the membrane, which is fundamentally impermeable to ions.
further reading
- Rainer Klinke (Ed.) U. a .: Textbook of Physiology , 6th edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 9783137960065
- Roger Eckert et al. a .: Tierphysiologie , 4th edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-13-664004-7
Individual evidence
- ^ Rüdiger Wehner, Walter Gehring: Zoologie , 24th edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-13-367424-9 , pp. 355f