Iranism

A Iranism is from the Persian -derived or other Iranian language reclining or foreign word .

Iranisms in German

An evaluation of general German dictionaries has shown that borrowings from Persian have been detectable in German since the 8th century. A total of 194 such loans could be found. Of the 194 words, it could be determined in the case of 68 borrowings when they were borrowed into German. Over half of the datable loans were taken over in the 15th - 18th centuries. In many cases, they did not reach German directly from Persian, but rather conveyed it through other languages, for example through Greek, Latin or French. The overall borrowing process complies with the Piotrowski law .

Iranisms in English

For English, Finkenstaedt & Wolff found 93 borrowings from Persian (and three more from Pashto).

Individual evidence

↑ Including above all: Duden. The big foreign dictionary. 4th updated edition. Dudenverlag, Mannheim / Leipzig / Vienna / Zurich 2007. ISBN 3-411-04164-1 ; Smart. Etymological dictionary of the German language. Edited by Elmar Seebold. 24th, revised and expanded edition. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2002, ISBN 3-11-017473-1 .
↑ Evaluations of further literature could result in a number of other Iranisms, since dictionaries such as the ones mentioned always only contain a section of the entire vocabulary.
↑ Thomas Finkenstaedt, Dieter Wolff: Ordered Profusion. Studies in Dictionaries and the English Lexicon with contributions by H. Joachim Neuhaus and Winfried Herget. Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, Heidelberg 1973, page 151.

literature

Karl-Heinz Best : Iranisms in German. In: Glottometrics 26, 2013, pages 1–8 (PDF full text ).

Web links

Wiktionary: Iranism - explanations of meanings, word origins , synonyms, translations

[1] Including above all: Duden. The big foreign dictionary. 4th updated edition. Dudenverlag, Mannheim / Leipzig / Vienna / Zurich 2007. ISBN 3-411-04164-1 ; Smart. Etymological dictionary of the German language. Edited by Elmar Seebold. 24th, revised and expanded edition. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2002, ISBN 3-11-017473-1 .

[2] Evaluations of further literature could result in a number of other Iranisms, since dictionaries such as the ones mentioned always only contain a section of the entire vocabulary.

[3] Thomas Finkenstaedt, Dieter Wolff: Ordered Profusion. Studies in Dictionaries and the English Lexicon with contributions by H. Joachim Neuhaus and Winfried Herget. Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, Heidelberg 1973, page 151.