Irimi nage
Irimi nage (or Irimi-nage, Irimi nage) is one of the four basic techniques - Ikkyō , Kote gaeshi , Shihō nage and Irimi nage - in Aikidō . Regardless of the attack movement, the Aikidō trainee initiates the technique with an entry movement Irimi towards the attacker and usually uses it as a throwing technique. Irimi describes the entry movement that is carried out in the direction of the attacker.
Classification
Masatomi Ikeda created a classification system for Aikidō techniques , in the context of which Irimi nage forms its own group or "family" of Aikidō techniques . The group is summarized based on the main direction of movement when executing - front / back .
The approach of 'Irimi nage' is at the attacker's head height. The forward / backward movement with mass use of the whole body of the aikidōka leads to the fixation of the head to considerable exposure of the attacker at the neck and neck.
From a strategic point of view, the attack is undermined. This means that with the entry movement of the Aikido trainee, the distance is shortened and the countermeasures are carried out in such close proximity to the attacker that his attack has no effect and runs nowhere. Any subsequent movement is completely controlled and directed by fixing the head or neck in the shoulder area of the Aikido intern.
Version with sword / bokken
In the event of an attack with a sword / bokken, the initial movement Irimi is logically not carried out frontally, but laterally frontally. The aikidōka positions itself by stepping directly to the attacker. This proximity to the attacker, or rather his weapon, allows countermeasures to be carried out with a direct effect on the body or sword. For example, supported by the rapid forward movement of the aikidōka, it is possible to strike the attacker with a powerful blow to the neck or directly into the face; see also Shinken-waza (emergency technique) under Aikidō techniques, contact.
If such a blow is not made, the aikidōka grips the attacker's neck area with one arm, and grips the sword by the handle between the attacker's hands with the other hand. Because of the proximity and the grip on his sword, the attacker cannot let go of the weapon. He is forced to perform a subsequent movement: pulling it up again for a second cut or a stab in the direction of the tip of the sword.
The aikidōka does not block this subsequent movement. He has maximum control of movement by holding the gun grip and gripping the attacker's neck.
If the attacker pulls the sword back up over his head, the aikidōka pushes the handle of the sword in the direction of the attacker's face, which reflexively induces him to push the weapon away. By pulling up the weapon and pushing it away at the same time, the attacker is thrown on his back and has to let go of the sword.
If the attacker performs a stab with the tip of the sword instead of pulling it up, the aikidōka allows this movement, but directs it by holding the attacker's neck / head area on his own shoulder and the handle of the weapon. In this position right next to the attacker, the Aikidōka trainee is in an optimal position and exercises complete control over his stabbing movement with the whole body. Disarming takes place in the movement by positioning the back of the sword under the armpit of the aikidōka and by moving the handle radially outwards, using the momentum. The attacker can no longer control his movements, falls and has to let go of the sword.
Version without sword / bokken
The technique is carried out analogously without a sword or bokken: with the entry movement Irimi , one of the aikidōka's hands can be led directly into the attacker's face, followed by a knee-jerk fall on his back. There is no need for direct contact. The shock due to the simultaneous forward movement of the attacker and the defender is sufficient. Alternatively, the aikidōka can hit the neck from behind with the outer arm, or the attacker's neck area is fixed to the shoulder following the same movement, causing the attacker to tilt outward and downward to the side.
Once the attacker's head is fixed on the shoulder, only limited subsequent movements are possible. The options are the same as with a sword or bokken: Either the attacker straightens up in his posture, whereupon he throws backwards using his upward movement, or he keeps the movement in the attacking direction, whereupon the run-up and taking advantage of the Swing the lateral-radial lead away takes place.
In all cases, the body's use of force is never directed directly against the attack movement, since force meets force. The exception is the execution according to Shinken-waza, whereby only the initial movement takes place with the arm to the face or neck of the attacker. The most effective execution is achieved by cutting the direction of attack inwards or outwards through the movement of the aikidōka.
Other forms of practice are possible, and the principles are usually maintained in all styles of aikido.
See also
literature
- Adele Westbrook, Oscar Ratti: Aikidō and the dynamic sphere . Werner Kristkeitz, Heidelberg / Leimen 2003, ISBN 978-3-921508-74-9 .
- Christian Tissier : Aikido fondamental: Techniques et connaissances fondamentales . Budosport Verlag, Noisy-sur-École 2008, ISBN 978-2-84617-239-4 (French).
- Christian Tissier: Aikido - Principes et applications. Volume 2: Projections. Self-published, s. l. 2005, DVD 55 minutes.