Iwan Iwanowitsch Artobolewski

Iwan Iwanowitsch Artobolewski , Russian Иван Иванович Артоболевский , (born October 9, 1905 in Moscow ; † September 21, 1977 ibid) was a Soviet mechanical engineer and founder of the Russian school of machine kinematics.

Artobolevsky's father was a respected religion teacher at a Moscow business school, was dismissed after the revolution in 1918, which threw the family into poverty, and was shot in the so-called Stalin Purge in 1938 . Artobolewski studied from 1921 at the Moscow Agricultural Academy with the degree in 1924 and mathematics and physics at the Lomonosov University with the degree in 1927. Then he was 1932-1949 professor at the Lomonossow University, initially in the department of theoretical mechanics. In 1936 he completed his habilitation (Russian doctorate). In 1941 he founded the Applied Mechanics department with Boris Bulgakov, which he headed until 1944. From 1937 he was also at the Institute of Mechanical Engineering and from 1942 professor at the Moscow Aircraft Institute. Artobolewski had volunteered for the front in 1941, but was withdrawn after three weeks on orders from above. He was considered an excellent teacher who also included international developments, and was the author of widely used textbooks on mechanical engineering.

He was a delegate in the Supreme Soviet. In 1939 he became a corresponding and in 1946 full member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. His list of publications includes over 1000 publications, including on the history of technology (for example about Leonardo da Vinci and his machines). Therefore, in 1968 he became an honorary member of the International Academy for the History of Science in Paris. His main work Mechanismen appeared in four volumes from 1947 to 1952 and describes around 4,000 mechanisms. In the 1970s he published a collection of around 5000 mechanisms. He worked on it for over ten years. He also wrote monographs on acoustics and vibrations of machines. His classification system for machine mechanisms was based on Leonid Assur . He also started research in Russia on robots and automated machines.

He received the Order of Lenin six times , was a Hero of Socialist Labor (1969), honored scientist of the Russian republic (1945), received the Chebyshev Prize in 1946, the silver medal of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in 1966 and the James Watt gold medal of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers in 1967 . In 1969 he was one of the founders of the International Federation of Theory of Machines and Mechanisms (IFToMM) and its first president. In 1965 he became Vice President of the International Organization of Scientific Workers (IOSW).

He and his wife had connections with many artists and his house was a musical meeting place in Moscow.

Fonts (selection)

• Collected Works , Moscow: Nauka 2007 (Russian)
• Editor: Mechanisms in Modern Engineering Techniques (Russian), 5 volumes, Moscow, Nauka 1970 to 1976
• Mechanisms (Russian), 4 volumes, Moscow, Saint Petersburg 1947 to 1952
• Methods of Analysis of Automatic Machines , 2 volumes (Russian), 1945, 1949
• On the Structure of Spatial Mechanisms (Russian), 1935
• Theory of Spatial Mechanisms (Russian), 1937
• Basics of the Unambiguous Classification of Mechanisms (Russian), 1939
• Synthesis of Planar Mechanisms (Russian), 1939, 1959
• Synthesis of Mechanisms (Russian), 1944
• Theory of Mechanisms and Machines (Russian), 1940
• Theory of Mechanisms (Russian), 1940 and more often
• Theory of mechanisms for the reproduction of plane curves (Russian), 1959
• Acoustic dynamics of machines (Russian), 1969

literature

• Olga Egorova, Nikolai Umnov: Ivan Ivanovich Artobolevski (1905–1977), in: Marco Ceccarelli (Ed.), Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science, Volume 2, Springer 2010, pp. 115–140