Acholshausen Jewish community
A Jewish community in Acholshausen , a district of the community Gaukönigshofen in the district of Würzburg ( Bavaria ), already existed in the 16th century.
history
In 1580 and 1589, Jews were first mentioned in Acholshausen. The matriculation list from 1817 lists the following nine Jewish heads of family and their occupation: Wolf Jakob Straus (trade), Kalman Hirsch (cuddling), Faust Levi Blumm (cuddling), Hirsch Kalmus Weil, Herz Simon Bach (trading and cuddling), Moses Samuel Reis (trade and cuddling), Jakob Wolf Wolfsheimer (trade and cuddling), Samuel Bach, widow of Abraham Hirsch Hofmann (lives from sewing and knitting) .
The Jewish community had a religious school and a ritual bath ( mikveh ). She buried her dead in the Jewish cemetery in Allersheim . Since the end of the 19th century, a teacher was employed together with the Jewish community of Gaukönigshofen , who also worked as a prayer leader and schochet . The Jewish community of Acholshausen belonged to the Burgebrach district rabbinate .
The Jewish community of Acholshausen existed until 1919, although it was not officially dissolved until August 1, 1937. The Jewish residents still living on the spot were assigned to the Jewish community in Gaukönigshofen.
synagogue
The synagogue, Obere Gasse 1, was built around 1850 and presumably hardly any services were held in it after 1919 .
The synagogue building was devastated during the November pogrom in 1938 . After an air raid in 1944, the building burned down and the ruins of the first floor are still standing today.
Community development
| year | Parishioners |
|---|---|
| 1814 | 57 people, 15.5% of the population |
| 1867 | 43 people, 12.1% of the population |
| 1880 | 31 people, 8.9% of the population |
| 1900 | 25 people, 8.9% of the population |
| 1925 | 11 people |
| 1933 | 6 persons |
| 1941 | 2 persons |
National Socialist Persecution
Of the Jewish residents still living in the town, four left the town in 1938. During the November pogrom in 1938 , Moritz Weil, the last Jewish citizen, was attacked and mistreated by SA and SS men from Ochsenfurt .
The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists eight Jewish citizens born in Acholshausen who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .
literature
- Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 1: Aach - Groß-Bieberau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08077-2 ( online version ).
- More than stones ... Synagogue memorial band Bavaria. Volume I . Edited by Wolfgang Kraus, Berndt Hamm and Meier Schwarz . Developed by Barbara Eberhardt and Angela Hager with the assistance of Cornelia Berger-Dittscheid, Hans Christof Haas and Frank Purrmann. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu 2007, ISBN 978-3-89870-411-3 , p. 31.