Jewish old people's home Fünfbrunnen

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Monastery building Fünfbrunnen, 2013

The Jewish old people's home in Fünfbrunnen near Ulflingen was the collection camp for isolating and concentrating Jewish residents from Luxembourg who were unable to work . It existed from 1941 to 1943 in the converted, remote monastery Fünfbrunnen.

history

On March 4, 1941, the Fünfbrunnen monastery was closed by the Gestapo , and in autumn a collection camp for the elderly and the infirm was opened there at the suggestion of the Israelite Community. The Jewish consistory and the Gestapo immediately initiated the construction of additional barracks, but the Gestapo discontinued this in July 1942 due to the war-related shortage of materials and the planning of the deportations .

The camp, which was directly subordinate to the Gestapo, was not surrounded by barbed wire, had no guard and no Jewish police as is usual in Poland, but a self-administration . The orders for admission to the camp were issued by both the Gestapo and the civil administration , and in July 1942 the camp occupancy peaked at around 150 mostly sick and elderly people of various nationalities. In the beginning the inmates were allowed to bring furniture and personal belongings, but much was later taken away from them. A total of around 300 disabled people passed through the camp, of which more than 20 Jews died in the camp or in Luxembourg hospitals. Five people were able to flee, while the others were each deported to Germany by train and from there immediately taken to the east in larger deportation trains :

Deportations of residents
date Destination over number
October 16, 1941 Litzmannstadt ghetto trier 22nd
April 23, 1942 Izbica Ghetto Stuttgart 14th
July 12, 1942 Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp Chemnitz 6th
July 26, 1942 Theresienstadt concentration camp Cologne 16
July 28, 1942 Theresienstadt concentration camp Dortmund 73
April 6, 1943 Theresienstadt concentration camp Dortmund 87
June 17, 1943 partly Auschwitz, partly Theresienstadt ? 3?

After the deportation on April 6, 1943, the Gestapo closed the camp.

memory

Auschwitz Monument, 2013

On the grounds of the Fünfbrunnen Monastery today, a memorial and an information board commemorate the deportation and murder of Luxembourg's Jews. There is a deportation museum at Hollerich station .

literature

  • Change Hohengarten: The National Socialist Jewish Policy in Luxembourg. on behalf of the Memorial de la Déportation in Luxemburg-Hollerich. 2nd, change Edition. Luxembourg 2004, OCLC 58802401 .
  • Marc Schoentgen: Jews in Luxembourg 1940–1945. (pdf) In: Forum - for politics, society etc. Culture in Luxembourg. Issue 179, 1997.
  • Marc Schoentgen: The “Jewish old people's home” in Fünfbrunnen. In: Wolfgang Benz, Barbara Distel (Ed.): Terror in the West. Metropol 2004, ISBN 3-936411-53-0 , p. 49 ff.

Web links

Commons : Fünfbrunnen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Document VEJ 5/217 in: Katja Happe et al. (Ed.): The persecution and murder of European Jews ... , Volume 5: Western and Northern Europe 1940 – June 1942. Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-486-58682 -4 , pp. 557-558-
  2. ↑ Änder High Garden: The National Socialist Jewish policy in Luxembourg. 2004, p. 51.
  3. ↑ Änder High Garden: The National Socialist Jewish policy in Luxembourg. 2004, p. 52 ff.
  4. ↑ Marc Schoentgen: The “Jewish old people's home” in Fünfbrunnen. 2004, p. 59.
  5. ↑ Änder High Garden: The National Socialist Jewish policy in Luxembourg. 2004, p. 55.

Coordinates: 50 ° 6 ′ 25.3 ″  N , 6 ° 0 ′ 27.7 ″  E