Jewish Quarter (Lublin)
The Jewish Quarter in Lublin (Polish: Dzielnica żydowska ) in Poland was located outside the old town around the former residential palace . During the German occupation of Poland , the quarter was destroyed from 1942 with the help of Jewish prisoners from the nearby Majdanek concentration camp .
history
| Jewish population | |
|---|---|
| year | number |
| 1568 | 500 |
| 1602 | 2,000 |
| 1787 | 4.231 |
| 1865 | 12,992 |
| 1931 | 38,937 |
| 1939 | 42,830 |
| 1945 | 4,553 |
| 1990 | 10 |
| 2007 | 20th |
Although the first traces of Jewish life in Lublin date from the second half of the 15th century, the actual Jewish quarter did not begin to grow until the beginning of the 16th century. Due to a decree from King Sigismund I to protect Christian traders, Jewish merchants were not allowed to trade within the city walls. For this reason, the Jews settled around the castle between the Grodzka Gate on today's Castle Square (formerly Podzamcze ). Until 1862, Jews in Poland were not allowed to live within Christian cities. Until shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War , 42,830 Jews lived in Lublin, which corresponded to 31% of the total population of the city.
ghetto
In March 1941 the German occupiers set up a ghetto in Lublin. It encompassed the area of the Jewish Quarter from Lubartowska Street in the west, through Kowalska Street in the south, through Podwale and Podzamcze streets in the east to Unicka Street in the north. This part (called "A") of the ghetto was initially earmarked for extermination. The other part (“B”) of the ghetto, bounded by the streets Kowalska, Rybna and Grodzka, was to be evacuated and destroyed later. Part "B" also contained the Judenrat . The ghetto was evacuated and destroyed in 1942.
Szeroka Street
Szeroka Street (also “a jiidiszegas” - “Judenstraße”) was a street in the Jewish quarter that was laid out in the 17th century. It was an important thoroughfare in the city's Jewish Quarter and was the political, religious and administrative center of Jewish life in Lublin. The street ran from Kowalska Street across today's Palace Square. There were several synagogues along this street . There was a brick well at the beginning and end. In the 18th century, Jaakow Jizchak Horowitz lived in house No. 28 on Szeroka Street. Horowitz contributed significantly to the development of Hasidism .
literature
- Marta Denys, Dariusz Kopciowski, Agnieszka Martinka, Jacek Studziński, Jadwiga Teodorowicz-Czerepińska, Stanisław Turski: Lublin - The Guidebook . Lublin 2012, ISBN 978-83-7548-119-8 , pp. 48-64 .
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ' N , 22 ° 34' E