Grodzka Gate (Lublin)
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The Grodzka Gate (Polish Brama Grodzka ) is located northeast in the historic old town of Lublin in Poland . Due to its location between the Christian part of the city and the former Jewish quarter around the castle , it was sometimes referred to as the “Judentor”. The gate was given its current appearance in 1785 by Domenico Merlini .
history
Originally, the rectangular gate was twelve meters high and had ogival openings. The first gate is believed to be from the 14th century. Above the gate there was a passage and room for the city guard. In 1560 a goal post was added to facilitate the use of a wooden drawbridge to the castle. In the 1580s the passage was covered with a vault. When parts of the city wall were washed away by water, the gate partially collapsed. As a result, it was rebuilt as a two-story building with a gable roof. A house for the gatekeeper was built on the southeast side of the Grodzka Gate. The gatekeeper also had to pay the fee to enter the city. This house was later rebuilt and used for the town's stables.
Towards the end of the 18th century, a city committee asked King Stanislaus II August Poniatowski to finance the renovation of the gate. This request was complied with and the repair order was placed with Dominik Merlini. As a result of the renovation in 1785, the appearance of the gate was fundamentally changed. The function of the gate as part of the defensive system was no longer applicable and it was used as a commercial building from then on. At that time, the Jewish Quarter between the old town and the palace had already developed a great deal. Chaim Kleiman acquired the gate and buildings 21 and 36 on Grodzka Street in 1873. When the neighboring houses were expanded between 1860 and 1880, the gate was integrated into the buildings and was no longer free-standing.
In 1945 the condition of the gate building deteriorated as a result of the collapse of the attached house No. 36A on Grodzka Street. During this time, the city took ownership of the gate, as well as other buildings that previously belonged to the Jewish population. A year later, in 1946, a plan to repair the Zamorowski gate was presented. However, the repair was not finished until 1954. From then on it was handed over to an art college for use. Since 1992 the gate has been used by the cultural association “Brama Grodzka - Teatr NN” .
architecture
The gate connects almost to the height of the neighboring houses and has a passage with a round arch . The gate is closed with a gable roof . On the side of the old town there is a monogram of King Stanislaus II, underneath it is the designation MDCCLXXXV (1785). There is a vase each to the right and left of the gable on the inner city side.
German soldiers at the Grodzka Gate (exit towards the castle), May 1941
View of the gate from the southeast
literature
- Marta Denys, Dariusz Kopciowski, Agnieszka Martinka, Jacek Studziński, Jadwiga Teodorowicz-Czerepińska, Stanisław Turski: Lublin - The Guidebook . Lublin 2012, ISBN 978-83-7548-119-8 , pp. 94-95 .
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 14 ′ 59 " N , 22 ° 34 ′ 12.3" E