Yeshiva from Valoschyn

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Former yeshiva of Valoschyn
Photograph of the yeshiva from Valoschyn from the 19th century.

The Yeshiva of Waloschyn (Yiddish וואלאזשינער ישיבה, English mostly Volozhin Yeshiva ) was a Jewish educational institution ( Yeshiva ) founded in 1803 by Chajim ben Isaak Woloszyner in Waloschyn , today in Belarus , for boys and young men who are dedicated to studying the traditional religious dedicated to Jewish texts, especially the Torah and Talmud . In honor of its founder, it was named Yeshiva Ez Chajim after his death . Originally founded in response to the spread of Hasidism , it became the model for the Eastern European yeshivot in the 19th and 20th centuries, establishing Lithuanian-Jewish scholarship and its reputation. Abraham Harkavy is one of her well-known graduates .

The yeshiva began operations with 10 students, after ten years it had already had 100 students, the number of which rose to 400 by the 1880s. The students, mostly young people, lived separately from their parents, largely cut off from the outside world and were financially supported by the yeshiva. They were taught by scholars exclusively in the religious Jewish traditions, no classes on secular subjects were given and the use of the national language was not permitted.

The yeshiva was closed several times by the Russian authorities, but was able to resume operations. When the Germans marched into Valoshyn in 1941, the yeshiva still had 64 students. Some of them managed to escape into the woods and joined the partisans or the Red Army , but most were killed by the Germans .

Web links

Commons : Yeshiva from Waloschyn  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
  • Volozhin Yeshiva in: Bezalel Narkiss Index of Jewish Art, Center for Jewish Art, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Shmuel Ettinger: Volozhin . In: Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik (eds.): Encyclopaedia Judaica . 2nd Edition. tape 20 . Macmillan Reference USA, Detroit 2007, pp. 575-577 ( online: Gale Virtual Reference Library ).
  2. ↑ Norman Lamm: Volozhiner, Ḥayyim ben Isaac . In: Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik (eds.): Encyclopaedia Judaica . 2nd Edition. tape 20 . Macmillan Reference USA, Detroit 2007, pp. 577-578 ( online: Gale Virtual Reference Library ).
  3. ↑ Mirjam Thulin: Kaufmanns Nachrichtenendienst. A Jewish network of scholars in the 19th century . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-525-36995-1 , p. 371.
  4. ^ Samuel C. Heilmann and Menachem Friedmann: Religious Fundamentalism and Religious Jews: The Case of the Haredim . In: Martin E. Marty and R. Scott Appleby (Eds.): Fundamentalisms Observed (=  The Fundamentalism Project. A study conducted by The American Academy of Arts and Sciences ). University of Chicago Press, Chicago / London 1991, ISBN 0-226-50877-3 , pp. 214 f . ( Google Books [accessed May 25, 2013]).
  5. ^ M. Porat: The Zionist Movement. Foreword to the Zionist articles series . In: E. Leoni (Ed.): Yizkor Book: Wolozin; the Book of the City and of the Etz Hayyim Yeshiva (Belarus) . Tel-Aviv 1970 ( online [accessed May 27, 2013]).