Johann Hartmann Burghoff

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Johann Hartmann Burghoff (* in Silesia ; † after 1779) was a royal planner in the time of Frederick II , who planted and looked after trees in the Sanssouci Park and in the city of Potsdam .

Life

The planner Johann Hartmann Burghoff had the rank of court gardener, although he did not have his own garden area. His tasks included the planting and maintenance of avenues, hedges and bosquets in Sanssouci Park, in the royal seat of Potsdam and in the surrounding area. When Frederick II wanted to include the pheasant and roe deer gardens to the west of Sanssouci Palace in the pleasure garden, Burghoff extended the main avenue running from east to west in a westerly direction between 1747 and 1751 and enclosed it in the deer garden on both sides with low hedges. Later, in collaboration with the court gardener Heinrich Christian Eckstein (1719–1796), he designed the park area around the New Palace , at the west end of the main avenue. From 1767 geometric tree groves and avenues were created, which led from the south and north to the so-called "Mopke" and made it possible to access this space, which is located between the guest castle and Communs . As a visual extension of the main avenue, another 700 meter long avenue of lime trees was planted in a westerly direction. In addition, a hedge theater was built in the north and a riding arena enclosed by arcades and eight hedge gardens with fruit trees in the south .

In the city and its surroundings he was responsible for the linden tree plantation at the basin , as well as for the linden trees in Lindenstrasse and the city wall (today Hegelallee) and for the linden quarree at Luisenplatz . Likewise for the Glienicker Allee (today Berliner Straße) with its linden trees and oaks, the Nauener Allee, which was planted with beech trees in 1765 (today Friedrich-Ebert-Straße), the linden-lined Jägerallee, the one with poplar trees Planted Brandenburger Allee (today Zeppelinstraße) and Teltower Allee (today Friedrich-Engels-Straße).

Since Burghoff procured numerous trees from the Mark Brandenburg and abroad for the new plantings , thousands of thalers passed through his hands every year . In 1776, the Prussian Chamber of Accounts began a major overhaul of the Potsdamer Gartenkasse, during which the court gardeners' invoices from the years 1765 to 1775 were to be checked. In this context, on December 25, 1776, Frederick II ordered a particularly strict control for the plantings carried out by Burghoff , in order to see whether the expenses stated were correct and whether the funds were properly used. According to the local researcher and daughter of the gardening director Johann Gottlob Schulze , Karoline Schulze (1794–1881), almost all court gardeners ran their farms in their own pockets, but "Burghoff was the unfortunate one whose incorrect bills were discovered." In autumn 1777, Friedrich II arrested after 33 years of service in the Spandau Citadel . As of November 4, he no longer received a salary and was supposed to pay outstanding bills from his property. In order to be able to satisfy the creditors, however, he was released and worked as a planner in spring 1778 and from June to November 1779. Karoline Schulze wrote: After the sentence has been completed I don't know anything about him, but many years later I saw this unhappy man - at an advanced age when he appeared to my father as a beggar. While Burghoff was imprisoned in Spandau, Wilhelm Sello , from the Sello gardening dynasty , took over his duties and was finally appointed as his successor.

family

Johann Hartmann Burghoff was married to Maria Elisabeth, nee Gutschmidt. The marriage produced a daughter.

literature

  • Foundation Prussian Palaces and Gardens Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Prussian Green. Court gardener in Brandenburg-Prussia . Henschel, Potsdam 2004, ISBN 3-89487-489-9 , p. 52f

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Clemens Alexander Wimmer: On the history of the administration of the royal gardens in Prussia. In: SPSG: Prussian Green. P. 52.
  2. ^ Jörg Wacker: The Frederician pleasure garden in Sanssouci . In: SPSG: Nothing thrives without care. Potsdam 2001, p. 45.
  3. ^ Wacker: The Frederician pleasure garden in Sanssouci . In: SPSG: Nothing thrives without care. 2001, p. 47.
  4. ↑ Louis Schneider: The birthplace of King Friedrich Wilhelm III. In: Communications of the Association for the History of Potsdam . Potsdam 1864, XLIV. P. 5.
  5. ^ From the cabinet order of December 25, 1776, signed Friedrich. See Louis Schneider. In: Communications of the Association for the History of Potsdam . 1864, XLIV. P. 5.
  6. ↑ Wimmer. In: SPSG: Prussian Green. P. 52. Cf. Karoline Schulze: History of the garden administration of the royal gardens. 1873/74. Manuscript in the Secret State Archive of Prussian Cultural Heritage, Berlin, I. HA, Rep. 94, No. 814.
  7. ↑ Wimmer. In: SPSG: Prussian Green . P. 53.
  8. ↑ Wimmer. In: SPSG: Prussian Green . P. 53. Cf. Niedersächsisches Staatsarchiv, Oldenburg, holdings 171–25, no. 52, Karoline Schulze estate (notes on copy).
  9. ^ SPSG: Prussian Green . P. 306.
personal data
SURNAME Burghoff, Johann Hartmann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Royal Planteur in the city of Potsdam and in Sanssouci Park
DATE OF BIRTH 17th century or 18th century
PLACE OF BIRTH Silesia
DATE OF DEATH after 1779