Johannes Hemminger

Johannes Hemminger (* around 1473 in Vaihingen / Enz ; † May 10, 1549, probably in Tübingen ), also called Hominger or similar, doctor in ecclesiastical and secular law ( utriusque iuris doctor ), was a German lawyer, university professor and diplomat. From 1511 to 1537 he was one of the salaried law professors at the University of Tübingen and one of the best-known lawyers of his time in southwest Germany. He is often confused with Vaihinger lawyers of the same name who live at the same time.

Life

Johannes Hemminger belonged to a family of the urban bourgeoisie living in Vaihingen / Enz. At the age of about 13 he began his studies in September 1486 at the Tübingen Artistic Faculty, where he received a bachelor's degree in December 1487 and a master's degree on August 11, 1490. In between he studied in 1489 at the artist faculty in Freiburg im Breisgau.

In the 1480s, a bearer of the same name also stayed in Tübingen. As early as 1481, a Magister Johannes Heyminger de Vaichingen had himself entered in the Tübingen university register. He began his studies in 1477 at the Heidelberg Artistic Faculty and became a baccalaureate in Heidelberg in 1479 and a master's degree in the following year. With this title he appears in January 1481 in Tübingen. Another Johannes Hemminger began his studies at the artist faculty in Cologne in 1484 and moved to the Bavarian University in Ingolstadt (since 1826 University of Munich) with the title of a Cologne bachelor's degree.

Hemminger studied law at the Tübingen Faculty of Law from 1490/1491 under the ordinaries of Martin Prenninger alias Uranius and Hieronymus von Croaria. However, he stayed in Tübingen with the title of licentiate in law as a teacher at the artist faculty, because the latter elected him to be their dean in the winter semester 1498/1499 and in the summer semester 1499. Soon afterwards he acquired his doctorate in ecclesiastical and secular law, probably also in Tübingen. In 1506, 1509, 1524 and 1526–1549 he is documented as an assessor at the Württemberg court. As one of the most famous lawyers in southwest Germany, alongside the prominent law teachers from his Tübingen student days Hieronymus von Croaria and Johannes Lupfdich, he appears in several trials before the court of the Swabian Federation up to its relocation from Tübingen to Augsburg in 1513. Substantial parts of his correspondence with the federal judges Johannes Reuchlin, Heinrich Winkelhofer and Konrad Krafft residing in Tübingen are still preserved.

In 1511 at the latest he became one of the six salaried law professors at the Tübingen Faculty of Law, and since 1522 for life. In addition, he continued to perform extensive consulting and diplomatic activities, including for the University of Tübingen. Landgrave Philip I of Hesse appointed him his envoy to the Swabian Federation in 1520 and to the Hessian Federal Council in 1522. However, he had to resign from this office in the same year because of a violation of federal regulations, as he had previously acted against federal states as a lawyer for Duke Ulrich von Württemberg after his departure from the federal government and thus now as a non-member of the federal government.

After Duke Ulrich's successful return in 1534 to his old Duchy of Württemberg, from which the Swabian Federation had expelled him in 1519, with Hesse's military help, and the resulting collapse of Austrian rule in Württemberg, Hemminger took part in the reorganization of the university in the course of the introduction of the Reformation. For the winter semester 1534/1535, the first of this reform period, the law faculty elected him its dean. At the beginning of the summer semester of 1537, although four months earlier he had received an increase in salary for an unspecified teaching position, he was dismissed as a professor on May 3 after a visit to the university for unknown reasons on the orders of the prince's councilors . However, he retained his previous salary, which had been agreed with the university for life in 1522. In return, Hemminger undertook not to withhold his advice to the university.

After 1534, Hemminger is documented as attorney for the new Württemberg government in Stuttgart, and since 1540 in the office of a Württemberg council. Presumably at his place of residence in Tübingen, which he retained until the end of his life, he died on May 10, 1549. From his marriage to a daughter from the Tübingen family Reich he had the children Maria, Josef, Martin and Georg.

literature

• Franz Gundlach: The Hessian Central Authorities from 1247 to 1604 (Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse and Waldeck, Volume 16). Elwert, Marburg 1930-1931, Volume 1, p. 224, Volume 3, p. 162, 354.
• Irmgard Kothe: The Princely Council in Württemberg in the 15th and 16th centuries (representations from the history of Württemberg, Volume 29). W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1938, especially p. 157, No. VI, 80.
• Walter Bernhardt: The central authorities of the Duchy of Württemberg and their officials 1520–1629 . Volume 1 (Publications of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg, Series B, Volume 70). W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1972, ISBN 3-17-001117-0 , p. 368f.
• Irene Pill-Rademacher: "... to the benefit and good of the laudable university." Visitations at the University of Tübingen. Studies on the interaction between sovereign and regional university (works of the University Archives Tübingen, Series 1: Sources and Studies, Volume 18). Attempto Verlag, Tübingen 1993, ISBN 3-89308-200-X , p. 492f.
• Matthias Dall'Asta and Gerald Dörner (arrangement): Johannes Reuchlin, Briefwechsel , Volume 2. Frommann-Holzboog, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt 2003, ISBN 3-7728-1984-2 , p. 535, note 3.
• Karl Konrad Finke: Johannes Hemminger (around 1473 to 1549) . In: The professors of the Tübingen Faculty of Law (1477–1535) , edited by Karl Konrad Finke (Tübingen professor catalog, volume 1,2). Jan Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2011, ISBN 978-3-7995-5452-7 , pp. 143–154.