Flap stars
| Flap stars | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mediaster aequalis |
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| Systematics | ||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||
| Valvatida | ||||||||
| Perrier , 1884 |
The valve stars (Valvatida) are an order of starfish that comprise 13 very different families.
description
Almost all valve stars have five flexible arms with a few, large edge plates. The pillow stars such. B. Culcita novaeguineae again have a regular pentagonal shape. The pedicellariums are often sessile. The ambulacral feet , standing in two rows, have suction pads.
The family includes both the small species of the genus Asterina , including the tiny Asterina phylactica , only a few millimeters in size , and the genus Thromidia , whose species can span 75 centimeters.
Systematics
According to the World Register of Marine Species , the order Valvatida includes 17 families, including one fossil:
- Acanthasteridae Gervais, 1841
- Archasteridae Viguier, 1878
- Asterinidae Gray, 1840
- Asterodiscididae Rowe, 1977
- Asteropseidae Hotchkiss & Clark, 1976
- Chaetasteridae Sladen, 1889
- Ganeriidae Sladen, 1889
- Goniasteridae Forbes, 1841
- Leilasteridae Jangoux & Aziz, 1988
- Mithrodiidae Viguier, 1878
- Odontasteridae Verrill, 1899
- Ophidiasteridae Verrill, 1870
- Oreasteridae Fisher, 1911
- Podosphaerasteridae Fujita & Rowe, 2002
- Poraniidae Perrier, 1893
- Solasteridae Viguier, 1878
- Sphaerasteridae Schöndorf, 1906 †
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literature
- Daniel B. Blake (1981): A reassessment of the sea star orders Valvatida and Spinulosida . Journal Of Natural History 15 (3), pp. 375-394.
- Edmond Perrier (1884): Mémoire sur les étoiles de mer recueilliés dans la mer des Antilles et le golfe du Mexique, durant les expéditions de dragace faites sous la direction de M. Alexandre Agassiz . Nouvelles archives du Muséum d'histoire naturelle sér. 2, 6. pp. 127-276. Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris 1884.
- Svein A. Fosså, Alf Jacob Nilsen: Coral reef aquarium. Volume 6: Coral reef aquaristics today and tomorrow. Crustaceans, echinoderms, sea squirts and other invertebrates in the coral reef and coral reef aquarium. Birgit Schmettkamp, Bornheim 1998, ISBN 3-928819-18-6 .
- Christopher L. Mah, Daniel B. Blake: Global diversity and phylogeny of the Asteroidea (Echinodermata) . In: PLoS ONE . tape 7 , no. 4 , 2012, p. e35644 , doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0035644 , PMID 22563389 , PMC 3338738 (free full text) - (English).
Web links
Commons : Valvatida - collection of images, videos and audio files
- Christopher Mah: Valvatida Perrier, 1884 . In: Christopher Mah: World Asteroidea database. World Register of Marine Species , 2015.
- ITIS Leptognathina Spencer and Wright, 1966