Gluing press
A glue press is used to join pieces of film or tape together. Gluing presses are built for all film and tape formats. A distinction is made between the
- Wet glue press , in which the two ends of the film are glued with film putty (a solvent mixture) (after the image carrier layer has been removed from one side), and the
- Dry adhesive teaching , in which the ends of the film or tape are connected with self-adhesive tape.
The device is constructed as a rail, on which the film ends to be connected are placed in line. Alignment pins grip the film perforation so that the two film strips are precisely positioned. The adhesive tape, clear for picture , opaque for sound , is placed over the adhesive point and rubbed on. Knives cut off the excess tape. Then the film is turned over and the back is also glued. In addition, the masked perforation holes are punched out both times. The Rivas models use pre-perforated adhesive strips. Dry glued areas can be opened again, which means that you can cut and assemble precisely to the individual phase pattern .
Ever since the beginning, increasingly improved glue presses have been used to cut films. If the emulsion on the overlapping piece of film was initially simply moistened and scraped off with a knife, the need for cleaner bonding methods arose at the latest with the spread of the narrow film. With the double wedge method, both ends of the film are trimmed in a wedge shape using a straight-line scraper integrated in the gluing press, so that, ideally, the glued area is only slightly thicker than the film. At the end of the 1930s, Ernst Hammann developed the film plane, later patented by the Geyer company in Germany, with which the material is prepared with a blade without scraping and the associated unwanted dust. The outbreak of war prevented series production, which only began in the late 1940s. The Hammann film splitter represents the further development of the film planer, which is still current today.
There are conventional and heated wet glue presses, with which the gluing is faster. The latter are particularly fashionable in the USA. They are rarely used in Europe.
Through the use of digital "film montage" on the computer with programs, the use of working copies and their material gluing is in retreat and is increasingly only done by lovers of manual work.
Adhesive presses are still used in the cinema, both in the case of tears in the film, but above all in the assembly of the films from the individual files by the projectionist . Of course, adhesive presses are also used in film archives. The improved model M 3 Special from CIR, Dr. Leo Catozzo, which can also be adjusted to shrunk film, received the coveted technology Oscar.
Manufacturer of glue presses
- Agfa, Munich; 16 mm, normal-8, super-8
- Arnold & Richter Cine Technik , Munich; 65 mm, 35 mm, 16 mm, Super-8?
- Bauer, Stuttgart-Untertürkheim; 35 mm, 16 mm, normal-8, super-8
- Bell & Howell, Chicago; 35 mm, 16 mm, normal-8, super-8
- Brown; Super 8
- Catozzo Industria, Rome; 70mm, 35mm, 16mm, 9.5mm, Normal-8, Super-8
- Cineamex, Teufenthal; 16 mm, super 8
- Kodak , Rochester; 35 mm, 16 mm, normal-8, super-8
- Eumig, Vienna; 16 mm, normal-8, super-8
- Fujica, Tokyo; Single-8
- Geyer, Berlin; 35 mm, 16 mm
- Hahnel, Ireland; Normal-8, Super-8
- Hammann, Amorbach; 70mm, 65mm, 35mm, 16mm, 9.5mm, Super-8
- Hudson Photographic Industries, Irvington; 35 mm, 16 mm, normal-8, super-8
- Ising, Bergneustadt; Normal-8, Super-8
- LPL, Japan; Single-8
- Lytax, Freiburg im Breisgau; 35 mm
- Marguet; 35mm, 16mm, 9.5mm, Normal-8, Super-8
- Meopta, Brno; 35 mm, 16 mm, normal-8, super-8
- Muray; 35mm, 16mm, 9.5mm, Normal-8, Super-8
- Paillard-Bolex, Ste-Croix; 16 mm, 9.5 mm, normal-8, super-8
- Pathé, Paris; 35 mm, 28.5 mm ("Kok"), 17.5 mm ("Rural"), 9.5 mm
- Pathex, Düsseldorf; 9.5 mm
- Plank, Nuremberg; 16 mm, normal-8, super-8
- Premier, London; 35 mm, 16 mm
- Theilemann, Munich; 35 mm
- Rivas, Hollywood; 35 mm, split, 16 mm
- Union, Berlin; 35 mm, 16 mm
- Würker, Oberndorf am Neckar
- Zeiss-Ikon, Stuttgart; Super 8
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ Film planer. In: Lexicon of film terms. Institute for Modern German Literature and Media, University of Kiel, accessed on October 22, 2017 .