Doellstädt Monastery
| Doellstädt Monastery | |
|---|---|
| Coordinates: | 51 ° 4 '52.3 " N , 10 ° 48' 35.4" E |
| Patronage | St. Petri and St. Nicolai |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
around 1530 |
The Döllstädt Monastery was a Cistercian monastery in Döllstädt , a municipality in the Thuringian district of Gotha .
location
The location and extent of the monastery buildings can still be recognized from older literature (Galetti 1777). The monastery buildings were therefore on the western edge of Döllstädt. The St. Nikolai church belonging to the monastery is said to have been the first church in the village; it was located in the area of an area called the monastery kitchen garden within the locality. There was also a single chapel in the village on the mountain , which was elevated to a church in the 16th century. With the monastery, a spacious farm yard was created, which was also on the western side of the village.
history
The Steinfirst castle in Döllstädt was mentioned as a fortification for the Lords of Döllstädt in the Thuringian chronicle of the region from 1418–1419 by the Eisenach chronicler Johannes Rothe . Its construction time, use and destruction are directly related to the Thuringian-Hessian War of Succession (1247–1263). According to tradition, the castle was destroyed as early as 1260 when the castle garrison as robber barons made the trade routes of the city of Erfurt unsafe. This was soon rebuilt and was owned by the Lords of Salza until the middle of the 14th century .
In 1291 the Archbishop of Mainz, Gerhard II , made a certificate for the Cistercian convent of St. Petri and St. Nicolai in Döllstädt. Elisabeth von Salza is mentioned as the abbess of the monastery in 1315 . Döllstädt and the nunnery are mentioned again in documents around 1350. A relative of Count Siegmund II from Tonna - Margaretha von Tonna - is mentioned in 1520 in connection with Döllstädt Abbey.
Döllstädt in the Peasants' War
The Peasants' War of 1525 spread to the County of Tonna in April , armed peasant groups looted all monasteries and aristocratic estates west of Erfurt, Döllstädt was also on their march, so it is highly likely that the monastery was then abandoned by the nuns. The Counts of Tonna also introduced the Reformation in their part of the country , so the monastery was formally dissolved.
History of the secularized monastery
The secularized monastery was divided into several parts. The so-called Kammergut , including the Upper Gut , was given to the Count of Tonna; it was sold to Privy Councilor Avinarius in 1681 with considerable properties in the corridor . However, after a short time he sold it to the Duchy of Saxony-Coburg-Gotha, where it was designated as a chamber property.
The other properties of the monastery were mentioned as Schadischer , Polentzscher and Knoblochischer property. The origin of these owners can be proven within a radius of 20 kilometers. The village of Schaderode on the eastern edge of the Fahner Höhe goes back to a farm that Asmus Schade bought from the Counts of Tonna-Gleichen in 1497 ; he was an Erfurt patrician. The Knobloch family were counts officials (bailiffs) in Tonna. The Polentz family , a Saxon noble family, was also accepted into the service of the count.
A third of the village population died as a result of an epidemic in 1597. Today's church was built by a master builder, Mr. von Polentz, who remodeled the monastery chapel. The remains of the monastery went up in flames in 1636 during an attack by Count Hatzfeld on the village. In 1641 there were only four families left in Döllstädt. The three commercial courtyards of the bailiffs were reunited in 1748 and now formed the lower estate . The possessions were converted into a chamber property of the later Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha .
The chamber property, which was again enlarged in 1912 and which was the main employer of the village, was divided up after 1945 by the land reform of the time .
The remains of the building that still existed after the Second World War, at the sheepfold, have been removed over the past 40 years.
literature
- Johann Georg August Galetti: Attempting a history of the Tonna rule . Tonna 1777, p. 108-114 .
- Baurath Eberhard: Döllstädt . In: Paul Lehfeld (Ed.): Building and Art Monuments of Thuringia. Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Tonna District Court . Booklet X. Jena 1891, p. 209 .
- "Döllstädt" in "Handbook of Historic Sites in Germany / Thuringia", ed. H. Patze and P. Aufgebauer, Kröner-Verlag Stuttgart 1989. ISBN 3-520-31302-2
- Ulrich Simon, Döllstädt, in: The monasteries and nunneries of the Cistercians in Hesse and Thuringia, edit. by Friedhelm Jürgensmeier and Regina E. Schwerdtfeger (Germania Benedictina IV) St. Ottilien 2011, pp. 359–369.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Topographic Map TK25. Sheet 4930 (Graefentonna), edition 1907
- ^ Paul Lehfeld. Architectural and art monuments ... p. 210
- ↑ Regesten the archbishops of Mainz from 1289-1396, first band. Berlin 1970
- ↑ Galetti (1777)
- ↑ Regesten the archbishops of Mainz from 1289-1396, Second volume. Aalen 1976
- ↑ Galetti (1777)
- ↑ Galetti (1777)
- ↑ Galetti (1777)