Júnias Monastery
| Cistercian monastery of Júnias | |
|---|---|
 Monastery ruin |
|
| location |
 Portugal Vila Real District |
| Coordinates: | 41 ° 50 '17 " N , 8 ° 2' 38" W |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
? |
| Cistercian since | 1248 |
| Mother monastery | Oseira Monastery |
| Primary Abbey | Clairvaux Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The Júnias Monastery (Santa Maria das Júnias, Junhas) is a former Cistercian monastery in the mountains of the Serra do Pisco near the border with the Spanish province of Ourense in the parish ( freguesia ) Pitões das Júnias, in the concelho Montalegre in the Vila Real district in Portugal .
history
The monastery, located in the mountain pastures in a valley, emerged from a pre-Romanesque hermitage from the 9th century. Benedictine monks first settled it (the founding year is 1147), but in 1248 it joined the Cistercian order and submitted to the Oseira monastery (according to other sources, Bouro monastery ), which made it a subsidiary of the Clairvaux primary abbey . It is uncertain whether it ever achieved the rank of abbey. In the centuries that followed, the monastery, which ran extensive livestock farming, acquired lands in the Barroso region and in Galicia . The facility, which was affected by flooding, was also repaired. A flourishing pilgrimage also developed in Júnias. In the first half of the 18th century the church was restored and refurbished. In 1834 the monastery was dissolved with the other Portuguese monasteries. In the second half of the 19th century, the convent was destroyed by fire. In 1986 restoration work took place, in 1994 and 1995 an archaeological investigation by the Peneda-Gerês National Park , in whose area the facility is located.
Buildings and plant
The 40 by 50 meter walled complex forms a trapezoid with the single-nave, Gothic-style church in the north with a wood-covered interior and the ruins of the convent in the south with the monks' dormitory. The Gothic changed choir is separated from the nave by a triumphal arch. The west front of the church has a round-arched Romanesque entrance with two archivolts, the outer one with a lance tip pattern, a tympanum with an openwork Maltese cross (also above the south portal) and a baroque belfry from the 17th century. Three arcades have been preserved from the Romanesque cloister. The fireplace has been preserved in the kitchen wing.
literature
- Gerhard N. Graf / José Mattoso / Manuel L. Real: Romanisches Portugal , Echter Verlag , Würzburg 1991, pp. 389–390 (with ill.), ISBN 3-429-01270-8