Coccidioidomycosis
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| B38 | Coccidioidomycosis |
| B38.0 | Acute coccidioidomycosis of the lungs |
| B38.1 | Chronic coccidioidomycosis of the lungs |
| B38.2 | Coccidioidomycosis of the lungs, unspecified |
| B38.3 | Coccidioidomycosis of the skin |
| B38.4 + G02.1 | Coccidioidomycosis of the meninges |
| B38.7 | Disseminated coccidioidomycosis Generalized coccidioidomycosis |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
The coccidioidomycosis (also coccidioidomycosis ), also called Valley fever , desert fever , Wüstenrheumatismus or San Joaquin (Valley) Fever is referred to, is an infectious disease which by the fungus Coccidioides immitis is caused.
The pathogen is usually absorbed through the breath (inhalation). Since a lot of spores are kicked up in a dry climate, leading to airborne transmission and infection via the airways, coccidioidomycosis is common in semi-arid, desert-like regions. Endemic areas on the American double continent are the southwest of the United States ( Arizona , Texas ; the entire border region with Mexico ), northern Mexico and parts of Bolivia , Paraguay and Argentina . Many infections are asymptomatic. In 40% of cases, after an incubation period of 1 to 3 weeks, symptoms resemble a flu-like infection (inflammation of the respiratory tract, arthralgias , fatigue and increased body temperature). In addition, skin symptoms ( multifome-like erythema , erythema nodosum ) can occur. Verrucous - ulcerative - vegetating foci of the skin can also primarily occur if the skin is the entry point of the pathogen. In the United States, where the disease is mostly known as Valley Fever , a steady increase in incidence has been observed for years, especially in the southwest of the country. In 2011, 22,401 cases were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), with the actual number of infections certainly higher and estimated at around 150,000 per year because many fungal infections are not recognized as such.
People who work in these areas (military personnel, archaeologists) as well as pregnant women, people with immunodeficiency, African-Americans and Asians are particularly at risk. Haematogenous spread can occur , especially in immunocompromised patients . This results in granulomatous lesions in the joints or in the meninges , which in the latter case often has a fatal outcome.
Oral azole antimycotics are the therapy of choice .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever). (No longer available online.) CDC, archived from the original on July 18, 2013 ; accessed on July 19, 2013 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Valley Fever in People. (No longer available online.) University of Arizona, archived from the original August 24, 2013 ; accessed on July 18, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ P. Fritsch: Dermatology and Venereology. 2nd, revised edition. Springer-Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-540-00332-0 .
- ↑ Tom Geoghegan: Valley fever: An incurable illness in the dust. BBC News, July 16, 2013, accessed July 18, 2013 .
literature
- Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Urban & Schwarzenberg (Ed.): Roche Lexicon Medicine. 4th, revised and expanded edition. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich et al. 1998, ISBN 3-541-17114-6 .
- Werner Köhler, Hans J. Eggers, Bernhard Fleischer, Reinhard Marre, Herbert Pfister, Gerhard Pulverer (eds.): Medical microbiology. 8th, completely revised edition. Urban & Fischer, Munich et al. 2001, ISBN 3-437-41640-5 , p. 695.
- Ernst G. Jung (Ed.): Dermatology. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Hippokrates-Verlag, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3-7773-1021-2 , p. 117.
Web links
- Valley Fever Center for Excellence at the University of Arizona
- Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever) - Information from the CDC
