Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Siersza
The Siersza Coal Mine (Polish Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Siersza ) is a disused coal mine in Trzebinia , Poland.
history
The mine goes back to the consolidation of several originally independently operating mines in Trzebinia and its surroundings. Many of them were run in opencast mines, others in tunnels.
One of the first coal mines was a mine founded in 1804 by Jan Selwa and his partners, which already had steam engines for dewatering. Briefly owned by the Dukes of Warsaw, in 1815 it was merged with the Isabella mine in Siersza, which was also founded in 1808. The products of both plants were used to smelt zinc and iron, especially since calamine was found in addition to hard coal in the entire area shown here.
Adam
In the Myślachowice district of Trzebinia, the Adam open-cast coal mine was created in 1882 , which was added to the Elisabeth-Isabelle composite mine in its founding year .
Elisabeth
The Elisabeth colliery (Polish: Elżbieta ) was founded by members of the Potocki magnate family and the Rau brothers in 1843 in the Siersza district of Trzebinia. The maximum of independent production was reached in 1860 with 9,300 tons of hard coal.
In 1868, the year Isabella was reopened, the two mines were merged.
Isabella / Izabela
Already in 1808 the same owners as with Elisabeth in Siersza had founded the Isabella colliery (Polish spelling: Izabela ), which got its name from Princess Isabelę Lubomirska. Shut down in 1816, production was resumed between 1823 and 1826. The colliery was liquidated in 1860 and a year later a new mine called Nowa Izabela was built in the same place . This merged in 1868 with the Elisabeth colliery and in 1882 with the Adam opencast mine that was created that year .
The transition to civil engineering took place on Nowa Izabela in 1890. After the merger with Elisabeth, the mine had a mine field of 1.53 km², Adam added another 1.08 km².
Arthur
In 1884, Artur Potocki's son Adam, together with other partners, founded the "Galizische Montanwerke Aktien-Gesellschaft in Siersza" and brought all of his coal ownership into it. This union had a shaft called "Artur" ( location ) sunk in the Krze district of Trzebinia in honor of Adam Potocki's father. The associated rights covered only 0.36 km². This step was the first on the mine route south; This was followed by the Wanda mine with an area of 1.35 km².
The construction of a large power plant operated with coal dust and a cement factory also opened up new sales markets.
In 1922, the Artur and Krystyna mines were taken over by the Sierszańskie Zakłady Górnicze SA (Siersza Coal Union).
Christina / Krystyna
The Krystyna mine ( Lage ) was also founded in Tenczynek in 1895 by members of the Potocki family. Initially it was a tunnel mine that was opened up by a 2 km long tunnel. Sorting and laundry were located at the mouth of the tunnel. Later a Seigerer shaft, "Krystyna I", was added with a depth of 181 m.
The coal produced was largely coked and the gas was mainly exported to Italy.
After the mine was shut down during the Great Depression in 1929, it was put back into operation during the occupation of Poland by Germany and the "Andrzej I and II" seams in the eastern field were mined by the "Krystyna II" plant.
The mine at Siersza came on January 1st, 1951, but was finally closed in 1955.
Zbyszek
The Zbyszek mine ( Lage ) in Trzebinia was founded in 1921 by the joint stock company "Osada Górniczo-Przemysłowa Trzebinia". During the Nazi occupation it was called Barbara and in 1943 it became part of the Siersza coal union and thus the Ballestrem Group. After its liberation, it got its previous name back and belonged to the Cracow Coal Industry Association from 1945 to 1946. On January 1, 1947, the mine was merged with Artur under the name Siersza . Production in 1938 was 114,762 t.
CHP Siersza
Although the Siersza mine was only created after the end of the Second World War, the first concentration processes took place during the war. In 1943, for an amount of 6.4 million Reichsmarks, the National Socialists handed over the Artur , Krystyna and Zbyszek mines to the Ballestrem concern, which set up the “Sierszaer Steinkohlengewerkschaft” to manage this new property in Gleiwitz / Gliwice. The amount to acquire this pit could be paid in two installments; however, the second installment was not paid at the end of 1945.
The merger of the various mines in Trzebinia continued after 1945. In 1947 the Artur mine and the Zbyszek mine were merged to form the Siersza CHP , and in 1951 Krystyna in Tenczynek was added.
In order to meet the immense demand for hard coal in the first few years after the Second World War, the decision was made in Siersza to mine 80,000 t of coal in open-cast mining. The mining of the 4-5 m thick seam began in May 1956 and lasted about eight months. Initially 150 tons per day were extracted, later between 350 and 400 tons per day.
In the 1970s, a so-called “carbon bus” was opened which connected the Artur mine of the mine with the electric power plant of the same name and which allows coal and excavated material to be transported to and from the mine at the same time.
In the 1990s, the Artur mine consisted of the “Artur”, “New Artur” and “Artur III and IV” pits.
1958 of the mine in Siersza-Misiury was the facility as an extension Misiury ( location ), whose objective but in 1961 promoted only 105,868 tons of coal and therefore was decommissioned on 1 September 1,962th
Despite far-reaching rationalization measures (elimination of duplicate facilities and shafts and the construction of a desulphurisation plant), it was decided to close the mine in 1999 and funding was discontinued in 2001.
present
Most of the daytime facilities were demolished and the areas leveled. Only the headframe and the hoisting machine from Zbyszek in Trzebinia have survived.
Funding figures
1900: 312,000 t; 1913: 430,310 tons; 1938: 408,216 t; 1970: 2.80 million t; 1979: 3.83 million t
Remarks
- ↑ For the history of the site and the mine, see archived copy ( memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (last accessed on February 2, 2016). Some checks are difficult because the maps from the 80s published at http://mapy.geoportal.gov.pl/imap/?gpmap=gp0&actions=acShowWgButtonPanel_kraj_TOPO&locale=en (accessed April 23, 2018) have great details represent differently.
- ^ Directory of the coal mines in the Upper Silesian coal basin . Published by the Prussian Mining Authority in Breslau. 1926, p. 79 ( digitized version , last accessed on February 4, 2016)
- ↑ a b Directory of the hard coal mines in the Upper Silesian hard coal basin . Published by the Prussian Mining Authority in Breslau. 1926, p. 77 ( digitized version , last accessed on February 4, 2016)
- ^ Directory of the coal mines in the Upper Silesian coal basin . Published by the Prussian Mining Authority in Breslau. 1926, p. 85 ( digitized version , last accessed on February 4, 2016)
- ↑ Werner Röhr. On the role of heavy industry in annexed Polish Upper Silesia for the war economy in Germany from 1939 to 1949. Yearbook for Economic History Volume 130. 199 Issue 4. P. 25. Downloaded as a PDF file from http://www.digitalis.uni-koeln.de /JWG/jwg_index.html (last accessed on October 5, 2015).
- ↑ Kurt König. Coal mining in Upper Silesia from 1945–1955 . Scientific contributions to the history and regional studies of Eastern Central Europe. Published by the Johann Gottfried Herder Institute. Marburg 1958, p. 67.
swell
- Jerzy Jaros. Słownik historyczny kopalń węgla na ziemiach polskich . Katowice 1984. ISBN 83-00-00648-6 .
- Directory of the coal mines in the Upper Silesian coal basin . Published by the Prussian Mining Authority in Breslau. 1926 ( digitized version , last accessed on February 4, 2016)
- Kurt Koenig. Coal mining in Upper Silesia from 1945–1955 . Scientific contributions to the history and regional studies of Eastern Central Europe. Published by the Johann Gottfried Herder Institute. Marburg 1958.
- Werner Röhr. On the role of heavy industry in annexed Polish Upper Silesia for Germany's war economy from 1939 to 1949. Yearbook for Economic History Volume 130.199 Issue 4. Downloaded as a PDF file from http://www.digitalis.uni-koeln.de/JWG/jwg_index .html (last accessed October 5, 2015).
Web links
- The Eksploratorzy Forum offers numerous photos, map excerpts and historical information on the Siersza mine on its website http://eksploratorzy.com.pl/viewtopic.php?t=1313 (accessed on February 2, 2016).
Map with all coordinates: