Crooked-winged stalk fly
| Crooked-winged stalk fly | ||||||||||||
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Crooked-winged stalk fly ( Camarota curvipennis ) |
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| Camarota curvipennis | ||||||||||||
| ( Latreille , 1805) |
The crooked-winged stalk fly ( Camarota curvipennis ) is a fly from the family of stalk flies (Chloropidae).
features
The flies reach a body length of 2.5 to 3 mm. They have a black base color with a predominantly yellow head (with a black spot on each cheek) and yellow drawing elements on the antennae and legs. The head is triangular in top view and longer than it is broad, with three large, black colored ocelles in a large ocelle triangle, the forehead (front) is clearly extended forward. The complex eyes are large and oval in shape, with the long axis in the longitudinal direction of the body. The antennae are relatively long, the antenna bristles (arista) thick with a trapezoidal widened first limb. The wings are tinted brown with thick, black veins, they are folded over the curve of the abdomen when at rest, giving the fly a beetle-like appearance. In the vein, the vein R2 + 3 is fused with R1 (the first branch of the radius) and the subcosta.
Occurrence and way of life
The crooked stalk fly is widespread in the Palearctic . It is common almost everywhere in Europe, but is absent in most of Scandinavia. It is widespread in Germany, but is considered rare and endangered in many regions. To the south, their occurrence extends to North Africa. It is also represented in the Middle East and the Caucasus and western Asia. It flies from March to October. Meadows and grain areas are the preferred habitat of the fly species.
The fly larvae mine in the stalks of sweet grasses (Poaceae). It is mainly given for cereal species, other information comes from couch grass ( Elymus repens ), information about other grass species is uncertain, information about meadow grasses is only based on old information and may be erroneous. Several larvae, up to five, can live in a single stalk. The larvae are herbivorous (phytophagous) and feed on the marrow tissue. If young shoots are infected, growth is disturbed and no ear is formed. It is therefore considered an agricultural pest regionally in southern Europe, but is usually economically insignificant.
Taxonomy
The species was first described by Latreille as Oscinis curvipennis . It is, under the synonymous name Camarota flavitarsis Meigen , 1830, type species of the genus Camarota . It is the only Palearctic species in the genus. The genus Camarota is also widespread in tropical Africa, with a few species. Camarota cylindrica Deeming , 1981 and Camarota angustipennis Deeming , 1981, like many species of straw flies , are said to feed on predatory food.
The following synonyms can be found in the literature :
- Camarota aurifrons Haliday , 1833
- Camarota ceralis Rondani , 1873
- Camarota flavitarsis Meigen , 1830
- Camarota rufimana Roser , 1840
Web links
- www.biolib.cz - taxonomy, photos
- www.insektenbox.de - photo, description
- www.naturspaziergang.de - photo, description
- diptera.info - photo
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Emilia Nartshuk, Hugo Andersson: The Frit Flies (Chloropidae, Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, Volume 43. Brill Scientific Publishers, 2013. ISBN 978-90-04-16710-0 . on pages 154–155.
- ↑ a b Camarota curvipennis at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved January 18, 2018
- ↑ species account for Camarota curvipennis . The Essex Field Club. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
- ↑ Emilia P. Nartshuk (1997): A revision of the Chloropidae (Insecta: Diptera) Described by JW Meigen from the Winthem's Collection. Annals of the Natural History Museum Vienna 99 B: 387-406.
- ↑ Emilia P. Nartshuk (2014): Grass-fly Larvae (Diptera, Chloropidae): Diversity, Habitats, and Feeding Specializations. Entomological Review 94 (4): 514-525. doi: 10.1134 / S001387381404006X
- ^ Catalog of Life