L ⁴ Linux

L4Linux
developer	Technical University Dresden
License (s)	GNU General Public License
Current  version	4.14
ancestry	\ Linux   \ L4Linux
Architecture (s)	IA-32, x64, ARM
l4linux.org

L ⁴ Linux is a modified version of the Linux operating system . L ⁴ Linux runs virtualized in a L4 - microkernel environment, an equal footing with other μ-kernel applications. It is binary compatible with the normal Linux / x86 kernel and can therefore be used with any Linux distribution for the X86 architecture .

L ⁴ Linux was developed in order to be able to run real-time and time-sharing applications simultaneously on one computer within the Dresden Real-Time Operating System Project (DROPS) .

L ⁴ Linux can also be used to create a virtualized environment, similar to Xen or OpenVZ . However, it must be noted that the project objectives and concepts of L4 and Xen differ significantly in some cases.

Versions

The versioning is based on that of the Linux kernel.

Legend:
Old version
Current versionOlder version; still supported

Current preliminary version
Future version

version	Code name	publication	annotation
Older version; no longer supported: 2.0			Based on Linux 2.0.21
Older version; no longer supported: 2.2			Based on Linux 2.2.26
Older version; no longer supported: 2.4		January 14, 2004	Based on Linux 2.4.24
Older version; no longer supported: 2.6		August 19, 2004	Based on Linux 2.6.8.1
Older version; no longer supported: 3.0		August 2011	Based on Linux 3.0
Older version; no longer supported: 3.5		August 2012	Based on Linux 3.5
Older version; no longer supported: 3.6		November 2012	Based on Linux 3.6
Older version; no longer supported: 3.7		January 2013	Based on Linux 3.7
Older version; no longer supported: 3.8		March 2013	Based on Linux 3.8
Older version; no longer supported: 3.9		June 2013	Based on Linux 3.9
Older version; no longer supported: 3.10		August 2013	Based on Linux 3.10
Older version; no longer supported: 3.11		September 2013	Based on Linux 3.11
Older version; no longer supported: 3.12		December 2013	Based on Linux 3.12
Older version; no longer supported: 3.13		February 2014	Based on Linux 3.13
Older version; no longer supported: 3.14		May 2014	Based on Linux 3.14
			(No version was created based on Linux 3.15)
Older version; no longer supported: 3.16		September 2014	Based on Linux 3.16
Older version; no longer supported: 4.3		December 2015	Based on Linux 4.3
Older version; no longer supported: 4.6		May 2016	Based on Linux 4.6
Older version; no longer supported: 4.7		August 2016	Based on Linux 4.7
Older version; no longer supported: 4.13		September 2017	Based on Linux 4.13
Older version; no longer supported: 4.14		December 2017	Based on Linux 4.14
...
Current version: 4.19		November 2018	Based on Linux 4.19

L4Android

L4Android is a spin-off from L4Linux, which brings together the kernel modifications from L4Linux and those from Google for Android . It is a joint project of the Operating Systems Group of the Technical University of Dresden and the Chair for Security in Telecommunications of the Technical University of Berlin .

See also

• List of virtualization products

Web links

• Hermann Härtig, Michael Hohmuth, Jochen Liedtke, Sebastian Schönberg, Jean Wolter: The Performance of µ-Kernel-Based Systems. (PDF; 142 kB) In: 16th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP '97). October 5, 1997, accessed August 28, 2012 . 
• M. Borriss, M. Hohmuth, J. Wolter, H. Härtig: Porting Linux to the µ-kernel L4. In: Int. Scientific Colloquium Ilmenau Sept. 1997. Retrieved on August 28, 2012 . 
• Wiki L4Linux. In: tudos.org. Retrieved August 28, 2012 . 
• Adam Lackorzynski, Janis Danisevskis, Jan Nordholz, Michael Peter: Real-Time Performance of L4Linux. (PDF; 152 kB) Retrieved August 28, 2012 (English). 
• Adam Lackorzynski: L4Linux Porting Optimizations. (PDF; 760 kB) March 2004, accessed on August 28, 2012 (English). 
• Michael Hohmuth, Jean Wolter: Princess and the pea. In: iX - magazine for professional information technology (paid article). Retrieved August 28, 2012 (issue 1/1997). 
• Stefan Ueberhorst: Linux on L4. In: Computerwoche. Retrieved August 28, 2012 (issue 33/1996). 
• Michael Hohmuth: Diploma thesis: Linux emulation on a micro kernel. In: TU Dresden, Faculty of Computer Science, Chair of Operating Systems. August 29, 1996. Retrieved August 28, 2012 . 
• Adam Lackorzynski: Great example: “L4Linux on L4Env”. (PDF; 513 kB) In: TU Dresden, Faculty of Computer Science, Chair of Operating Systems. December 2002, accessed August 28, 2012 . 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ L4Linux - Running Linux on top of L4. In: tu-dresden.de. Retrieved August 28, 2012 . 
2. ↑ ^{a b} L4Linux Overview. In: tu-dresden.de. Retrieved August 28, 2012 . 
3. ↑ L4Android. In: l4android.org. Retrieved August 28, 2012 . 
4. ^ Security in Telecommunications. In: tu-berlin.de. Retrieved August 28, 2012 .