Lamport & Holt D-Class
.jpg) The lead ship Devis as Oakland Star
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The "D" class , "D" vessels , or "D" -boats were a series of cargo ships of the British shipping line Lamport & Holt . The ship class consisted of seven ships of the same type of ship , which were built in three lots. As is customary with the shipping company, the names of the ships were based on well-known authors, composers and scientists.
history
Lamport & Holt initially commissioned three D-class ships from Harland & Wolff in 1937, which caused quite a stir in shipping circles when they appeared due to their streamlined superstructures. The ships were intended for the liner service from Glasgow and Liverpool to the Rio de la Plata and replaced the older units Marconi , Millais and Nasmyth there .
During the Second World War, two more ships were added to the shipping fleet in 1940, the Debrett and Defoe, and in 1941 the measurements of all ships were increased. D-class ships were also affected by fighting and marine casualties. The Delius was damaged by an air raid on April 27, 1940 in Romdalsfjord. On the Defoe , on a trip from Manchester to Famagusta with general cargo, including chlorine solution and aircraft paint in barrels, a cargo hold explosion occurred in September 1942, which tore off part of the fore ship and led to a fire on board. The ship sank southwest of Rockall on September 24, killing six sailors. In December, the Delane in Bone came under aircraft fire for several nights , which was countered with the anti-aircraft guns installed on board. On July 5, 1943, the Devis was on a trip with troops and equipment from the Clyde to Sicily by U-593 to position 37.01 ° N; 004.10 ° E sunk and all 52 men on board perished. On November 21, 1943, Delius, who was on her way home from India, was severely damaged in her convoy by a glide bomb . The crew was able to extinguish the fire on board, rejoin the convoy and finally reached Great Britain, where the ship was repaired and the crew was awarded. To replace the two lost Defoe and Devis , Lamport & Holt ordered two replacement ships from Harland & Wolff, which were delivered in 1944 and 1945 with the same names as their predecessors.
After the war, the ships were initially used for years in regular Lamport & Holt liner services. In 1954 Delius , Delane and Defoe were sold to the Blue Star Line and renamed and provided with cooling devices. In 1955, Debrett and Devis also went on bareboat charter for one year with the Blue Star Line, which used the former Lamport & Holt units in the North America-Pacific service. In 1958 Lamport & Holt took over the Delius and Defoe in a long-term bareboat charter from the Blue Star Line.
In 1961 the French Compagnie Metallurgique et Miniere took over the Delius and the Delane for £ 90,000 each and used both in 1961/62 for one trip each for demolition in Asia. The Devis was sold directly to dropouts in La Spezia in the summer of 1962. On April 16, 1964, during the voyage home from Buenos Aires to Liverpool in Recifé, an engine room fire occurred on the Debrett , after which the ship was handed over to the Embajada Compania Naviera from Piraeus. The latter renamed the ship Ambasciata and handed it over to Osaka for scrapping at the end of 1964. In 1966 the youngest of the ships, the Defoe , Lamport & Holt, also left and was renamed Argolis Star by the Greek Argolis Shipping Company . It stayed in service until the end of October 1969, when it was demolished in Shanghai.
technology
The basic design of the ships as an open shelter decker with centrally arranged superstructures and conventional loading gear did not differ fundamentally from contemporary liner freighters . However, the streamlined design of the middle deck superstructures of the ships was unique - the chimneys were integrated into the narrow deck structures over the upper three decks. Above, the wheelhouse and chart room were connected to the chimney profile without a transition. There were facilities for taking twelve passengers.
The ships, which were almost 140 meters long and 19 meters wide on frames, had six cargo holds with an intermediate deck. In the middle of the 1950s, parts of the cargo hold of the Delane and Defoe (II) were retrofitted with refrigerated cargo holds. Some units had a sweet oil tank next to the shaft tunnel. All ships were powered by diesel engines, with two different models being installed. The Delius (I), Delane , Devis , Debrett , Defoe (I) and Defoe (II) had Burmeister & Wain six-cylinder engines manufactured under license by Harland & Wolff, while the Devis (II) had the first six-cylinder engines manufactured by Harland & Wolff. Opposed piston engine.
Although the basic structure was the same, there were differences between the individual ships in the series in order to adapt them to the changed requirements. The first three ships were actually structurally identical, the two ships from 1940 differed in some details such as the superstructure design with chimneys extending further forward from the stems and the last two replacement structures were again in details such as the more powerful loading gear with two additional loading posts on the front - and aft edge of the superstructure have been modified. The second Defoe had a longer bridge deck that reached up to the cargo booms and the second Devis had a different main engine.
The ships (selection)
| Lamport & Holt "D" series | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Building name | Build number | IMO number | delivery | Later names and whereabouts | |
| Delius | 980 | no | July 6, 1937 | 1954 Portland Star , 1958 Delius , 1961 Kettara VII , scrapped from April 30, 1962 by Sangyo Shinko in Izumi-Ohtsu. | |
| Delane | 1001 | no | January 17, 1938 | 1954 Seattle Star , 1961 Kettara VI , scrapped by Hong Kong Rolling Mills in Hong Kong on October 13, 1961. | |
| Motto | 1002 | no | February 14, 1938 | On July 5, 1943 from U-593 to position 37.01 ° N; 004.10 ° E countersunk. | |
| Debrett | 1029 | no | May 23, 1940 | 1955 Washington Star , 1956 Debrett , 1964 Ambasciata , scrapped in Osaka from December 28, 1964. | |
| Defoe | 1030 | no | August 30, 1940 | On September 24, 1942 after a cargo hold explosion and fire in position 52.11 ° N; 019.32 ° W dropped. | |
| Motto | 1181 | no | August 20, 1944 | 1955 Oakland Star , 1957 Devis scrapped from 4th July 1962 by Cantieri Navali del Golfo in La Spezia. | |
| Defoe | 1182 | 5087596 | May 31, 1945 | 1954 Geelong Star , 1958 Defoe , 1966 Argolis Star , scrapped from November 10, 1969 by China National Machinery Import & Export Corporation in Shanghai. | |
| Data: Lloyd's Register of Shipping | |||||
literature
- Ambrose Greenway: Cargo Liners: An Illustrated History . Seaforth Publishing, 2012, ISBN 1-78346-929-3 , pp. 82 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Paul Michael Heaton: Lamport & Holt , The Starling Press, Risca, 1986, ISBN 0-9507714-6-5
- ↑ Lloyd's Register of Shipping, London (various years)