Leonile
| Leonile | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Information | |
| Weapon type: | Striking weapon, throwing weapon |
| Designations: | Bendi, Buccan, Coupon, Darn-de-wan, Langel, Langeel, Leangil, Leawill, Leeangle, Leon-ile, Liangel, Liangra |
| Use: | Weapon, traditional weapon, combat club |
| Creation time: | before the 16th century |
| Working time: | til today |
| Region of origin / author: |
Australia , Aborigines |
| Distribution: | Australia: Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland |
| Overall length: | about 71 cm |
| Blade width: | about 29 cm |
| Handle: | Wood |
| Lists on the subject | |
The Leonile (also Bendi , Liangel , Langel , Langeel ) is a throwing and striking weapon of the Australian Aborigines , which is used in the provinces of Victoria , New South Wales and Queensland .
history
The Leonile was developed by the Aborigines as a hunting and war weapon. It is one of the lesser known types of club.
description
The Leonile is made of hardwood. For use castanospermum ( Castanospermum australe ) and eucalyptus species. Hardening takes place through hot ashes.
It widened from the magazine to a point where Leonile turned upwards at right angles or at an obtuse angle. The sheet becomes narrower towards the tip. It is often pointed at the end of the handle and rounded at the end of the head. The face is machined smooth and the edges are narrow and sharply ground. The Leonile is about 71 cm long and about 29 cm wide, larger clubs are also known.
The shape is that of a sickle club, the tip resembles a beak club as it occurs in New Caledonia .
Use and defense
The Leonile was used in close combat . It has the highest impact at the round end of the impact head. An attacker was able to turn from the wider striking head (as a wooden sword) to the tip (as a pickaxe) at the last moment.
A small left-handed shield, called a mulga , served as protection .
Names and distribution
The Leonile is known by different names and dialects, the most common of which are:
- Leonile or Langeel: in Victoria;
- Darn-de-wan: in South Gippsland ;
- Coupon: in New South Wales, Port Macquarie , Bellinger River , Clarence River , Tweed River District ;
- Buccan: at Moreton, Wide Bay;
- Bendi: in Herbert River District.
See also
literature
- Robert Etheridge, Junior: On a Modification of the Australian Aboriginal Weapon, Termed the Leonile, Bendi, or Buccan, & c. In: The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. Volume 23, 1894, pp. 317-320 ( JSTOR 2842082 ).
- Robert Brough Smyth : The Aborigines of Victoria. With Notes Relating to the Habits of the Natives of other Parts of Australia and Tasmania. Ferres / Robertson, Melbourne / Trübner / Robertson, London. Volume 1, 1878, p. 302 and Fig. 62; archive.org
- Carl Lumholtz : Among Cannibals. An account of four years' travels in Australia and of camp life with the Aborigines of Queensland. Scribner, New York 1889, pp. 332–334 with ill. Archive.org .
- Aldo Massola: The Aborigines of south-eastern Australia as they were. Heinemann Australia, Melbourne 1971, ISBN 0-85561-002-6 , pp. 124, 161.
- Robert MW Dixon et al. a .: Australian Aboriginal words in English: their origin and meaning. Oxford University Press, South Melbourne 2006, ISBN 0-19-554073-5 , p. 178.
- Louise Hanson, F. Allan Hanson: The art of Oceania: a bibliography. GK Hall, Boston, Mass. 1984, ISBN 0-8161-8645-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ George Cameron Stone : A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration and Use of Arms and Armor: in All Countries and in All Times. Southwork Press, Portland, Maine 1934 (Reprint: Dover Publications, Mineola, New York 1999, ISBN 0-486-40726-8 ), p. 414 and Fig. 521.
- ^ Robert Etheridge, Junior: On a Modification of the Australian Aboriginal Weapon, Termed the Leonile, Bendi, or Buccan, & c. 1894, p. 319.
- ^ Carl Lumholtz: Among Cannibals. 1889, p. 332.