List of governors and viceroys of the Brazilian colonial era
This regent list includes the governors, governors-generals and viceroys for the period from 1549 to 1808/15 with the creation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarve and the Kingdom of Brazil.
Since 1534, captains have been established in Brazil. The title governador do Brasil was in 1549 by King John III. created for the benefit of Tomé de Sousa . The title viceroy was first introduced by Philip IV in 1640 in favor of Jorge de Mascarenhas . The term Estado do Brasil was used for the entire colonial area until 1808 .
| Surname | Official title | Start of mandate |
End of mandate |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomé de Sousa | governor | 1549 | 1553 |
|
| Duarte da Costa | governor | 1553 | 1558 | |
| Mem de Sá | governor | 1558 | 1572 | |
| From 1572 to 1578 the area is divided into two units, a north from El Salvador and a south under the authority of Rio de Janeiro |
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| Luís Brito e Almeida | Governor of Salvador | 1572 | 1578 | |
| Antonio Salema | Governor of Rio de Janeiro | 1574 | 1577 | |
| In 1578 both governments were reunited in Salvador | ||||
| Lourenço da Veiga | Governor General | 1578 | 1581 | |
|
Cosme Rangel de Macedo António Barreiros |
Government junta | 1581 | 1582 | |
| Manuel Teles Barreto | Governor General | 1582 | 1587 | |
|
António Barreiros Cristóvão de Barros António Coelho de Aguiar |
Government junta | 1587 | 1592 | |
| Francisco de Sousa | Governor General | 1592 | 1602 | |
| Diogo Botelho | Governor General | 1602 | 1607 | |
| Territory is divided into two general governorates from 1608 to 1612 between one in the north in Bahia and one in the south in Rio de Janeiro |
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| Diogo de Meneses e Sequeira | Governor General of Salvador | 1608 | 1612 | |
| Francisco de Sousa | Governor General of Rio de Janeiro | 1609 | 1611 | |
| In 1612 both governments were reunited in Salvador | ||||
| Gaspar de Sousa | Governor General | 1613 | 1617 | |
|
Luís de Sousa , 2nd Conde do Prado |
Governor General | 1617 | 1621 | |
| Diogo de Mendonça Furtado | Governor General | 1621 | 1624 | |
| Marcos Tejeira Anton de Mesquita Oliveira |
Government junta | 1624 | 1625 | |
| Francisco de Moura Rolim | Governor General | 1625 | 1626 | |
| Diogo Luís de Oliveira | Governor General | 1626 | 1635 | |
|
Pedro da Silva , 1st Conde de São Lourenço |
Governor General | 1635 | 1639 | |
|
Fernando de Mascarenhas , 1st Conde da Torre |
Governor General | 1639 | 1640 | |
|
Vasco de Mascarenhas , 1st Conde de Óbidos |
Governor General | 1640 | 1640 |
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Jorge de Mascarenhas , 1st Conde de Castelo Novo, 1st Marquês de Montalvão |
Viceroy | May 26, 1640 | April 16, 1641 | |
| Pedro da Silva Luís Barbalho Bezerra Lourenço de Brito |
Government junta | 1641 | 1642 | |
| Antonio Teles da Silva | General Gourverneur | 1642 | 1647 | |
|
António Teles de Meneses , 1st Conde de Vila Pouca de Aguiar |
Governor General | 1647 | 1650 | |
|
João Rodrigues de Vasconcelos e Sousa , 2nd Conde de Castelo Melhor |
Governor General | 1650 | 1654 | |
|
Jerónimo de Ataíde , 6th Conde de Atouguia |
Governor General | 1654 | 1657 | |
| Francisco Barreto de Meneses | Governor General | 1657 | 1663 | |
|
Vasco de Mascarenhas , 1st Conde de Óbidos |
Viceroy | July 21, 1663 | June 13, 1667 |
|
| Alexandre de Sousa Freire | Governor General | 1667 | 1671 | |
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Afonso Furtado de Castro do Rio de Mendonça , 1st Visconde de Barbacena |
Governor General | 1671 | 1675 | |
| Agostinho de Azevedo Monteiro Álvaro de Azevedo António Guedes |
Provisional government junta | 1675 | 1676 | |
| Roque da Costa Barreto | Governor General | 1677 | 1682 | |
| Antonio de Sousa Meneses | Governor General | 1682 | 1684 | |
|
António Luís de Sousa Telo de Meneses , Marquis des Minas |
Governor General | 1684 | 1687 | |
| Matias da Cunha | Governor General | 1687 | 1688 | |
|
Manuel da Ressureição Primaz do Brasil, President of the Junta |
Government junta | 1688 | 1690 | |
| António Luís Coutinho da Câmara | Governor General | 1690 | 1694 | |
| João de Lencastre | Governor General | May 22, 1694 | July 3, 1702 | |
| Rodrigo da Costa | Governor General | July 3, 1702 | September 8, 1705 | |
| Luís César de Meneses | Governor General | September 8, 1705 | May 3, 1710 | |
| Lourenço de Almada | Governor General | May 3, 1710 | October 14, 1711 | |
| Pedro de Vasconcelos e Sousa | Governor General | October 14, 1711 | October 14, 1714 | |
|
Pedro Antônio de Noronha , 1st Marquis de Angeja |
Viceroy | October 14, 1714 | June 11, 1718 | |
|
Sancho de Faro e Sousa , 4th Conde de Vimieiro |
Governor General | August 21, 1718 | October 13, 1719 | |
| Sebastião Monteiro de Vide Caetano de Brito e Figueiredo João de Araújo e Azevedo |
Provisional government junta | October 14, 1719 | November 23, 1720 | |
|
Vasco Fernandes César de Meneses , 1st Conde de Sabugosa |
Viceroy | November 23, 1720 | May 11, 1735 | |
|
André de Melo e Castro , 4th Conde das Galveias |
Viceroy | May 11, 1735 | December 17, 1749 | |
|
Luís Pedro Peregrino de Carvalho e Ataíde , 10. Conde de Atouguia |
Viceroy | December 17, 1749 | 17th August 1754 | |
| José Botelho de Barros Manuel António da Cunha Souto Maior Lourenço Monteiro |
Provisional government junta | 17th August 1754 | December 23, 1755 | |
|
Marcos José de Noronha e Brito , 6th Conde dos Arcos |
Viceroy | December 23, 1755 | January 9, 1760 | |
|
Antônio de Almeida Soares Portugal , 1st Marquês do Lavradio |
Viceroy | January 9, 1760 | 4th July 1760 | |
| Tomás Rubi de Barros Barreto José Carvalho de Andrada Barros e Alvim |
Provisional government junta | 4th July 1760 | June 27, 1763 | |
| In 1763 the capital was moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro | ||||
|
Antônio Álvares da Cunha , 1st Conde da Cunha |
Viceroy | June 27, 1763 | August 31, 1767 |
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Antônio Rolim de Moura Tavares , 1st Conde de Azambuja |
Viceroy | November 17, 1767 | November 4, 1769 |
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Luís de Almeida Silva Mascarenhas , 2nd Marquês do Lavradio, 5th Conde de Avintes |
Viceroy | November 4, 1769 | April 30, 1778 |
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Luís de Vasconcelos e Sousa , 4th Conde de Figueiró |
Viceroy | April 30, 1778 | May 9, 1790 |
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José Luís de Castro , 2nd Conde de Resende |
Viceroy | May 9, 1790 | October 14, 1801 |
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Fernando José de Portugal e Castro , 1st Conde and 2nd Marquês de Aguiar |
Viceroy | October 14, 1801 | October 14, 1806 |
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Marcos de Noronha e Brito , 8th Conde dos Arcos |
Viceroy | October 14, 1806 | January 22, 1808 |
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literature
- Peter Truhart: Regents of Nations. Part I: Africa / America. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 1984, ISBN 3-598-10492-8 , p. 856 f.
- Maria da Graça dos Santos Marcellino: O Vice-reinado do Brasil. In: O esclarecido vice-reinado de D. Luís de Almeida Portugal, 2º Marquês do Lavradio: Rio de Janeiro 1769-1779 . Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2009.