Manak house
 Manak house |
|
| Data | |
|---|---|
| place |
 Belgrade , Serbia
|
| opening | 1830 |
The Manak House is on the edge of the former Savamala settlement, on the corner of Kraljevića Marka and Gavrila Principa streets in the Serbian capital of Belgrade .
With the decision No. 277/2 of the Institute for the Protection of Monuments of the City of Belgrade on May 9, 1963, it was declared a cultural monument. With the decision published in the Official Gazette “Službeni glasnik SRS”, No. 14/79, it was declared a cultural asset of great importance.
history
At the beginning of the 19th century, along with Palilula, Savamala was the only settlement area that was mainly inhabited by Serbs. It started from today's Kraljevića Marka street and included the area of Zeleni venac , Bosanska (Gavrila Principa) and Abadžijska (Narodnog fronta) streets . When Prince Miloš Obrenović received the bank of the Sava as a present from the Turkish pasha in the first half of the 19th century, it had the shape of a village settlement with one-story poor houses, dilapidated fishermen's huts and a few tents. With the desire to make Belgrade a modern city, Miloš undertook work on the regulation and transformation of this area.
Todor Stefanović Vilovski writes about the first attempts to regulate the Serbian city in Belgrade 1834–1836:
“The work on regulating the new city and building state properties did not proceed quickly. The whole period from 1834 to 1838 and even until 1842 was filled with it. It seems that Prince Miloš could not make up his mind to bring architects from Vienna, as Felber suggested. So it remained that this work was carried out by local workers, that is, bricklayers from ancient Serbia, among whom there were skilled and experienced masters, but who lacked greater knowledge of engineering and architecture.
It goes without saying that the regulation of the new city was not carried out as the prince and his advisors had imagined. Private individuals have bought up places and houses wherever and how they like. New roads could thank the nature of the terrain on which they were built or the common sense of the houses for their creation, rather than some calculated plan ...
So this is how the Savamala came into being. Until now an unpopulated and desolate area, and now the center of Serbian national political and economic life in Belgrade, which fate has predetermined the task of becoming the core of the new Serbian city and, with its constant progress and development, the survival of the Turks impossible to do in Belgrade. "
The Manak House testifies to the situation before the regulation and the emergence of the new, Serbian Savamala. On behalf of the prince, the engineers had to guard it while they demolished the Savamala and traversed new roads. The exact time of its construction is unknown. It is believed that it was built at the same time as the residence of Princess Ljubica and the bistro ( Serbian кафана kafana ) ? .
There are several legends related to the house. According to some traditions it was the post office of Prince Miloš Obrenović. At the time of Miloš Obrenović there were neither regular post offices nor post lines with defined directions and times for the dispatch and arrival of mail. The delivery of mail was done by postmen on horses who called themselves tatari. Because of the delivery of the letters, tatari stopped briefly on their way in the post offices, where they changed horses, stopped and ate. The post offices were named after them, and according to tradition, one of them was the Manak House, on the route where the Tatari delivered official letters and state documents.
The legend that it was actually intended for the Turkish Aga and his harem is associated with this old town house. It is no doubt known that the Greek Manojlo Manak bought the house and owned a bakery and kafana on the ground floor in the 1870s, while he used the upper floor as living space. The house got its name from his relative Manak Mihailović.
In the memory of the old Belgrade people, the house remained as a kafana . On the oldest photo of the house, which is kept in the Belgrade City Museum, you can see an inscription with the name Arsa Petrović and in front of it there are tables on the sidewalk of the street. In addition to interested photographers, the architect Staudinger and the graphic artist Luka Mladenović also noted the appearance of the Manak house.
architecture
With its construction features, the Manak House, which is located in the old structure, documents the development of Belgrade. It reflects building methods, terrain adaptation and living culture of the time. It was built with a kind of half-timbering (bondruk) with adobe bricks and covered with roof tiles. The arrangement of the rooms is a result of the inherited structure and the uneven terrain. It has a basement, a ground floor, a mezzanine and an upper floor.
In the mid-1950s, the house was in ruins and tended to collapse. Its demolition was foiled and the Institute for the Protection of Monuments of the City of Belgrade carried out restorative and conservative work from 1964 to 1968. The project of profound reconstruction was assigned to the architect Zoran Jakovljević. In the course of this, the foundation was strengthened, the wooden structure was replaced, while the arrangement and size of the rooms were retained. The details of the interior design have been retained - the wooden ceilings, fireplaces and stairs. The bay window was completely reconstructed with corresponding individual objects from that time and similar architecture in Belgrade, Grocka and Sopot.
The work was carried out for the purpose of billeting the ethnographic collection of the painter Hristofor Crnilović (1886–1963) - one of the rare researchers and collectors of folkloric heritage who left such a significant collection of objects that it is a unique museum of folk art.
With the contract for the donation of the collection of the painter and collector Hristofor Crnilović, the renovated Manak House was assigned to the Ethnographic Museum for use to house, store and display the aforementioned collection.
Today there are also workshops for learning traditional handicrafts and folk handicrafts - hand weaving and pottery as well as a school for classic graphic techniques. There is an ethno showcase on the ground floor of the Manak House. With the preservation of such an architectural monument as a unique cultural center with exhibitions that revive the spirit of old Belgrade in this ambience, the house has acquired museum value and an educational space. Today, in addition to historical sources, it tells of the development of Serbian society, of how residential architecture and the economy developed at that time, and of the continuity of architectural development in Belgrade in the 19th century on the slope of the Sava.
literature
- B. Maksimović: Urbanizam u Srbiji. Belgrade 1962.
- Todor Stefanović Vilovski, Postanak Savamale (Prvi pokušaj regulisanja srpske varoši u Beogradu 1834–1836, arhivska studija), Nova iskra, Book X, pp. 76–79, Belgrade 1911.
- Gordana Cvetković, Manakova kuća, Godišnjak grada Beograda, Book XXII, 1975.
- Izveštaj komisije za utvrđivanje spomeničkih svojstava, Dokumentacija Zavoda za zaštitu spomenika kulture grada Beograda
- Dr Divna Đurić-Zamolo, Beograd kao orijentalna varoš 1521–1867, Belgrade 19xx
- Dokumentacija Zavoda za zaštitu spomenika kulture grada Beograda
Web links
- Завод за заштиту споменика културе града Београда , October 10, 2013.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Завод за заштиту споменика културе града Београда , October 10, 2013.
- ^ Todor Stefanović Vilovski, Postanak Savamale (Prvi pokušaj regulisanja srpske varoši u Beogradu 1834–1836, arhivska studija), Nova iskra, book. X, pp. 76-79, Belgrade 1911.
- ↑ Завод за заштиту споменика културе града Београда 10 October 2013. Завод за заштиту споменика културе града Београда, каталози 2011 кућа Манакова, аутор Ана Сибиновић ( page no longer available , searching web archives ) Info: The link is automatically marked as defective . Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 44 ° 48 ′ 49.6 ″ N , 20 ° 27 ′ 15.1 ″ E