Markscheider's mark

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Markscheider characters are special markings and symbols in the underground mining of a mine surveyor to mark be used for certain indications. These signs are used for orientation during subsequent measurements or to mark the limits of the advance or tunnel end points. Markscheider marks were also used for abbreviations in drafts and manuscripts.

use

Driving sign (laughter or year sign) from 1821
Gradation table in the "Ursula Tiefen Erbstolln", Pobershau

So that the Markscheider marks could not be easily removed or moved, they were attached in such a way that they could only be removed with special effort. To do this, they were either scratched or hammered into the rock. As a result, the Markscheider signs were stationary markings, from which, among other things, the location and length of the drifted tunnels or routes , but also the course of the individual routes, could be read. The signs were guidelines that all miners had to follow. In addition, the Markscheider marks had to be attached in such a way that they were easy to find. The markers had to attach the symbols themselves or had them attached by an assistant under his supervision. In some ore mines, the Markscheider marks were marked by short drill holes; wooden stakes were driven into the drill holes. A zinc plate was attached to the peg with a nail that was not completely driven in, if necessary, e.g. B. a connection measurement, the zinc plate could be turned around the nail. The year and month numbers and the serial number were stamped on the zinc plate. In coal mines, wooden tablets were used on which the year and month numbers and the serial number were burned. The Markscheider carried these tablets with him and attached them to the appropriate points on the track room . If Markscheider's marks were found to be unsafe during an inspection, these marks had to be dropped and could no longer be used. Even with additions or new measurements, it was forbidden to stop at unsafe signs; new signs then had to be attached.

literature

  • Karl Neubert, Walther Stein: Plan and crack knowledge . 1st lesson. In: Bergakademie Freiberg (Hrsg.): Lessons for distance learning . Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin January 1954, p. 60 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Georg Krünitz: Economic and technological encyclopedia, or general system of state, town, house and agriculture, and the history of art, in alphabetical order. Fourth and eightieth part, Königlich Preußische Geh. Commereien Joachim Pauli, Berlin 1801.
  2. Horst Hassel Markscheider marks and other markings in our local pits (last accessed on January 17, 2013).
  3. a b Ministry for Trade, Industry and Public Works (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and salt works in the Prussian state. Volume sixteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1868.
  4. O. Brathuhn: Textbook of practical Markscheidekunst. Published by Veit & Comp., Leipzig 1884.

Web links

Commons : Markscheiderzeichen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files