Market freedom
The free market is already in the Middle Ages known legal concept and meant for all market participants (exhibitors, distributors, merchants, visitors, buyers) certain privileges such as preferential tariffs, offering for certain goods and commodities, which was outside the market time is not allowed, freedom of the person of Arrest and confiscation of goods under certain conditions ( market regulation ). It also implied special regulations of the market place. Market freedom was granted by the authorities. In the Middle Ages and modern times, this was the sovereign - king, prince, archbishop - as the guarantor of markets and market rights . With the market, he also allowed the rights of market freedom, mostly beyond the market duration, before and after, with several days.
Today the freedom of the market is regulated in the trade regulations. Until 1974, the year of the revision of the trade regulations, there was a legal regulation that market events were basically only allowed to be carried out by order of the authorities. Freedom of the market is regulated in the trade regulations (GewO): § 70 GewO allows all persons belonging to the group of participants of a specified event (exhibition, fair, market, etc. according to § 64 ff. GewO) to participate. The principle of market freedom allows market traffic to enjoy certain privileges compared to other commercial activities such as "standing trade" or " travel trade ". Visiting, buying and selling goods and products admitted to the market are generally free of administrative regulations and stipulations at the specified events ( § 69 GewO). This means that they are not subject to the licensing and notification requirements of trade law ( Section 14 GewO includes the notification requirement for "standing trade", Section 55 (2) GewO the existence of a valid travel trade card).
literature
- Ferdinand Seibt: Splendor and misery of the Middle Ages . Wolf Jobst Siedler Verlag, Berlin, special edition 1999, ISBN 3-88680-279-5 .
- Fritz Winzer (ed.): Cultural history of Europe . Georg Westermann Verlag, Braunschweig 1980, ISBN 3-14-509007-0 .
- Market freedom . In: Universal Lexicon of the Present and Past . 4., reworked. and greatly increased edition, Volume 10: Lack Farbe – Matelen , Eigenverlag, Altenburg 1860, p. 902 .
- Market freedom . In: Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): German legal dictionary . tape 9 , issue 1/2 (edited by Heino Speer and others). Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1992, ISBN 3-7400-0167-4 ( adw.uni-heidelberg.de ).