Maslov criterion

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Maslov criterion is an aspectology criterion that allows you to determine whether two verbs form a so-called aspect pair . Aspect pairs occur in Slavic languages such as Russian. The criterion is named after the Russian linguist Yuri Sergejewitsch Maslow , who first formulated it in 1948.

If you have two Russian verbs in which one expresses the perfect aspect (completed action) and the other the imperfective aspect (unfinished action), you can use the Maslov criteria to check whether the lexical meaning is the same, i.e. i.e. whether it is an aspect pair.

Estes criterion: You form a sentence in which the verb occurs in the perfect past tense. It is a completed act in the past, so the perfective aspect is expressed. This sentence is now transposed into the historical present tense , which also tells the past, but in a way as if this past was just happening, so the imperfective aspect is used. If transposing results in a correct Russian sentence and this has the same lexical meaning as the original sentence - that is, the situation you are talking about does not change semantically - and the imperfective verb to be checked is used, then the first is Maslov criterion met, i.e. i.e., there is an aspect pair.

Second criterion: You form a sentence in which a perfect verb expresses a unique event. This is now transformed into the corresponding sentence in the context of unlimited repetition (for example with the help of adverbials such as 'every day'). If the imperfective verb to be tested is used here, then - the second Maslov criterion is met, i.e. i.e., there is an aspect pair.

literature

  • Maslov Ju. S .: Perfectnost '. In: Teorija funkcional'noj grammatiki. Vvedenije. Aspectual 'nost'. Vremennaja localizovannost '. Taksis. Leningrad: Nauka, 1987. 195–209.
  • Maslov Ju. S .: Očerki po aspektologii . Leningrad: Izdatel'stvo Leningradskogo universiteta, 1984.

Web links