Puttu Codinu
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The necropolis of Puttu Codinu (also Pottu Cudino) was built between 3500 and 2700 BC. Used by the Ozieri culture in the late Neolithic period . It is located in the province of Sassari in Sardinia , about six kilometers east of Villanova Monteleone . The first records of the Domus de Janas (Houses of the Fairies) by Puttu Codinu date back to 1903. They were checked in the context of the excavations that took place in 1987 and 1988.
The city of the dead worked into a low ledge on a limestone terrace consists of nine domoi. Some are arranged in a T-shape around a core structure. There are also irregular and asymmetrical floor plans. The individual cells are mainly cubic, with rounded corners and bulged side walls. There are also elliptical cells and saddle-shaped sloping ceilings. It is typical of Puttu Codinu that almost all chambers, including those located axially one behind the other, are separated by means of thresholds made of material left standing.
- In Domus 1, laid out in a linear sequence of chambers, the ceiling of which collapsed a long time ago, besides atypical vase fragments, bell-shaped goods decorated with rhombuses were found. The middle of the three chambers is the largest.
- At the entrance to the architecturally diffuse crypt II (antechamber and six bulges) and the geometric crypt III with 3 chambers and 2 side chambers, there are small channels that drain the rainwater.
- Crypt IV is the smallest and has only one diffuse chamber with a side chamber.
- Crypt V is linear like crypt I but is smaller; with two chambers. The rear ridge is the largest.
- As a result of the merger of two neighboring domoi, crypt VI has two entrances and a total of 7 main and side chambers. A Punic bronze coin was found in this rock tomb , dating from the years 241–238 BC. BC.
- Two small menhirs and a smooth stone made of red trachyte mark the entrance to Domus VII with two chambers and a side chamber. Possibly the stones were once used to close the entrances to Domoi VIII and IX. Most of the finds have been made in them, including human long bones and skull fragments.
- In Crypt VIII, with 6 chambers, the geometrically most perfect complex, a sloping beam ceiling is reproduced and a false door crowned with a bull's horn is engraved in the wall of the main chamber. Among the finds made in the necropolis stands out the "Dea Madre" (mother goddess ), an 18 cm high female figure carved out of limestone , representing the fertility deity.
- In crypt IX with 5 chambers or inclined side chambers, two small, presumably magical-ritual bowls are engraved on the wall. They represent either the breasts of the goddess or the eyes of the "Dea Onniveggente" (omniscient goddess).
See also
literature
- Giovanni Maria Demartis: La Necropoli di Puttu Codinu . C. Delfino, Sassari 1991, ISBN 88-7138-024-X , ( Sardegna archeologica, Guide e itinerari 13).
- Giovanni Maria Demartis: Discover the archaeological excavations of Villanova Monteleone. Nuraghe Appiu Archeology Park. The Pottu Codinu underground tombs. Ethnographic Museum = À la découverte des sites archèologiques de Villanova Monteleone . Laborintus, Villanova Monteleone 2003.
- Angelo Rusani-Doppiu: Dal villaggio nuragico di Nurkara al comune di Villanova Monteleone. Opere prime, Sassari 2002, ( Origine della Sardegna e dei sardi ).
Web links
Coordinates: 40 ° 29 ′ 12 ″ N , 8 ° 31 ′ 9 ″ E