False door
A false door is primarily the image of a door carved into the rock or painted on a wall. Most false doors are brightly painted and richly decorated. The idea of the false door can be found in many cultures, such as the Neolithic builders of the Cotswold Severn tombs , in ancient Egypt , the Etruscans (e.g. in Viterbo ) and in Sardinian rock tombs ( Domus de Janas ). Also Urartian temples like Meher Kapısı have false doors.
Megalithic buildings
Some megaliths of the Cotswolds Severn type have on the front of the hill, where usually the access to the chamber was, false doors ( english false entrance or false door ) behind which no grave chamber is in these plants. In Sardinia there are false doors ( Italian false porte ) in the Domus de Janas rock tombs, for example in Anghelu Ruju , in Mesu 'e Montes and the Chalcolithic necropolis of Montessu .
In ancient Egypt
The Egyptians believed in survival after death . In ancient Egyptian mythology , the ideas were anchored that the soul of the dead (the Ka ) can enter this world through the false door . Several variants of false doors are documented in ancient Egypt; for example the central support false doors (from the New Kingdom ), pompous doors or naturalistic false doors.
The false door of the Ankh belongs to the Egyptian collection of the Roemer and Pelizaeus Museum Hildesheim .
With the Romans
Faux doors were also shown in Roman painting . A few examples are known from Pompeii where frescoes on the walls imitate doors and thus make rooms appear larger.
In modern architecture
The false door also has its place in modern architecture . It is used to simulate doors (or windows) in order to achieve symmetry within the room . For example in the ancestral hall of Rastatt Castle or the Villa Godi Valmarana in Veneto .
literature
- Egypt
- Dieter Arnold : Lexicon of Egyptian architecture. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2000, ISBN 3-491-96001-0 , p. 226f → false door.
- Hans Bonnet : Lexicon of the Egyptian religious history. 3rd, unchanged edition, Nikol, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-937872-08-6 , pp. 677-679.
- Wolfgang Helck , Eberhard Otto : Small Lexicon of Egyptology. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1999, ISBN 3-447-04027-0 , p. 261 → Scheintür .
