Meshrabpom

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Poster of the first Soviet sound film produced by Meschrabpom-Film, The Way into the Life of Nikolai Ekk , 1931

Meschrabpom ( Russian acronym for Международная рабочая помощь (Межрабпом) , International Workers Aid ) was a Soviet film company .

history

It was founded on March 8, 1923 by the merger of Studio Rus and the film department of International Workers' Aid, which was opened in 1922, as Mezhrabpom-Rus ( Межрабпом-Русь ). Despite state control by Sowkino , it was able to maintain a certain degree of independence. She made around 600 films. The private joint-stock company Studio Rus had hoped that the merger with the IAH would provide ideological protection for its production, but until its dissolution in 1936 it had been constantly attacked as "bourgeois" and "unproletarian" in the Soviet Union - while Meschrabpom-Rus was an example abroad proletarian filmmaking was praised.

Meschrabpom-Rus produced films by Jakow Protasanow ( Aelita , 1924), Vsevolod Pudovkin ( The End of Saint Petersburg , 1927) and Boris Barnet ( The Girl with the Hatbox , 1927) , among others .

From 1928 to 1936 the company operated under the name Meschrabpom-Film ( Межрабпом-фильм ) and was involved in two German-Soviet joint productions together with Prometheus Film in 1928/29 . In 1934 the studio was renamed "Rot Front", German emigrants fleeing the Nazis were supposed to work here and shoot the film Fighters on the Reichstag Fire. But many of the German contributors were arrested while the film was being shot and fell victim to the Stalinist terror .

After the decision to dissolve the IAH in 1935, its film division in Moscow went to the state film monopoly, and in 1936 the studio was closed. According to the Slavicist Eberhard Nembach, the studio was closed because Meschrabpom-Film, as an independent organization, could hardly be seen through, let alone controlled, by the officials in the long term. In addition, the inscrutable foreign contacts made the Meschrabpom film appear suspicious to the suspicious functionaries. Then the Meschrabpom-Film became the Sojusdetfilm ( Союздетфильм , acronym for Union Children's Film ) - a production company for children's and youth films. As an award for a celebrated film trilogy about Maxim Gorki , it was renamed Gorki Filmstudios on an honorary basis .

The managing directors of Meschrabpom-Rus and Meschrabpom-Film were Francesco Misiano (around 1923 to 1934), Wladimir Babitzki (1934) and Timofei Samsonow (1934 to 1936).

Films (selection)

literature

  • Günter Agde , Alexander Schwarz (ed.): The red dream factory. Meschrabpom-Film and Prometheus 1921–1936. Bertz + Fischer, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-86505-214-8 .
  • Günter Agde: Between hope and illusion. Film work by German emigrants in Moscow and the production company Meshrabpom-Film . In: Claus-Dieter Krohn , Erwin Rotermund , Lutz Winckler and Wulf Koepke (eds.): Exilforschung. An international yearbook. Volume 21. Film and Photography . edition text + kritik, Munich 2003. pp. 62–84.

Documentaries

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Oksana Bulgakova : Workers of all countries, have fun! In: taz of February 9, 2012.
  2. ↑ Barbara Wurm: About robots, torn boots and Mary Pickford : Frankfurter Rundschau, February 9, 2012, p. 30
  3. ↑ Sean McMeekin: The red millionaire , New Haven / London 2003, p. 278
  4. ^ Eberhard Nembach: Stalin's film policy. The rebuilding of the Soviet film industry from 1929 to 1938 . Gardez! St. Augustin 2001, pp. 96-100, here p. 99