Magnetic bearing

A magnetic bearing (engl. Magnetic bearing , MB) denotes the angle between miss facing north (engl. Magnetic north , MN) and the line ground transmitter - aircraft or ground stations - Aircraft TN = True North corresponds, measured in the clockwise direction (note .: Engl. the north pole on the map The angle between TN and MN can be different depending on the location and the earth's magnetic field (Hamburg: approx. 1.6 ° East, as of 2011), main article: declination (geography) ).

Similar to the true direction finding , the magnetic direction finding also differentiates according to Q-groups. This provides a clear identification. Especially the QDM (Eselsbrücke for the rhythmic sound of the two letters DM in Morse code - ·· −− for home after nuts ) and the QDR are often used in aviation.

QDR: Magnetic bearing from the ground transmitter to the aircraft QDM: Magnetic bearing from the aircraft to the ground transmitter

QDM and QDR can be read directly on certain cockpit instruments for NDB and VOR . Since these show magnetic courses, the courses on the radio navigation maps are also shown magnetic. The magnetic declination must be taken into account when entering the course on an aeronautical chart or nautical chart .

If a pilot flies with the QDM as the magnetic heading (MH = QDM), then he flies directly to the ground station. However, this only applies when there is no wind.

The term "magnetic bearing" is not limited to flight navigation. It is also used in all other cases where a direction is related to the magnetic pole of the earth. In general, it should be noted that the location of the magnetic pole is constantly changing (predictable) and a magnetic bearing is only ever valid for a defined period and a certain area; In the case of directional information in a magnetic bearing, the place and time must be specified / known so that traceability is possible at a later point in time and at a different location.

literature

Peter Dogan: The instrument flight training manual as developed by Professional Instrument Courses, Inc. Aviation Book Co., Seattle WA 1999, ISBN 0-916413-26-8 .
Wolfgang Kühr: The private pilot . Volume 4, A: Air Navigation . 2nd improved edition. Verlag Friedrich Schiffmann, Bergisch Gladbach 1979, ISBN 3-921270-05-7 .
Jürgen Mies: Funknavigation , Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-613-01648-6 , ( private pilot library 3).
Jeppesen Sanderson (Ed.): Private pilot FAA practical test study guide. Airplane single-engine land . Jeppesen Sanderson, Englewood Col. 2000, ISBN 0-88487-265-3 .
Jeppesen Sanderson (Ed.): Private Pilot Manual . Jeppesen Sanderson, Englewood Col. 2001, ISBN 0-88487-238-6 .
Walter Air - CVFR textbook Mariensiel 2001