M-learning

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article or section needs to be revised. Details should be given on the talk page. Please help to improve it , and then remove this flag.

M-learning or mobile learning means mobile learning .

The term m-learning (sometimes also spelled mLearning ) is not clearly defined, but is derived from the term e-learning . M-learning is generally understood to mean learning with portable ubiquitous media or mobile media anywhere and at any time.

Explanation

Mobile learning means that knowledge, nowadays mostly in the form of a mobile device such as a smartphone or tablet PC, can be taken anywhere and can thus be learned anywhere and anytime. M-learning is not intended to be a substitute for traditional learning media or e-learning, but rather a useful extension. M-learning via mobile devices has the advantage that you can learn spontaneously at any location (for example during waiting times). This phenomenon can also answer questions that arise in the current context. Constant access to the Internet makes it possible to generate information from the Internet anywhere and at any time. This enables continuous training without being tied to a specific location. With most other forms of learning, however, it is necessary to plan the time and place of learning beforehand. B. a book is taken. In addition, it is possible for the user to access information quickly and specifically and to query his own knowledge. Another advantage is the motivating effect, which is guaranteed, for example, by reminders with push-up messages or a bonus system.

The decisive disadvantage of m-learning lies in the way it is used, as it is usually used spontaneously, only for a short time and often with interruptions. For example, you wait for the bus at a bus stop and now use these 5 minutes to study. When the bus comes, learning has to be interrupted. You can continue learning on the bus until the next interruption occurs. For this reason, a didactic preparation of the learning content is necessary especially for m-learning, as the following must be given:

  • the learning content must be small learning chunks - one also speaks of nuggets - that can be easily consumed in between
  • Ambient noise and distractions need to be considered
  • It must be possible to interrupt learning at any time and it should also be possible to resume learning later without any problems

For these reasons, a 1: 1 implementation of e-learning content on mobile devices is doomed to failure from the outset, as the application scenario is completely different. M-learning, on the other hand, is ideal for vocabulary training and generally for memorizing . Specially prepared "learning bites" can also be used sensibly. The use of a smartphone for m-learning opens up new possibilities for learning that are more geared towards social interactivity. For example, field excursions can be accompanied with a learning system on the smartphone, experiments can be documented with the smartphone or simply communication between teachers, students and each other can be established at any time. Analogous to e-learning, so-called blended learning approaches are also conceivable, in which different forms of teaching are mixed. Here, for example, m-learning is used for didactic support in the field when working on practical tasks.

Technical implementation

The open source project MLE (Mobile Learning Engine) provides an M-Learning implementation for smartphones. The guiding principle of the project "Learn wherever, whenever and whatever you want" illustrates the desired mobile independence that is to be achieved with m-learning. The MLE is just the mobile client for learning. A Learning Management System (LMS) is required as a back-end. There is currently an MLE extension for the popular open source LMS Moodle , called MLE-Moodle. A flash card trainer for learning vocabulary, various interactive question types, learning offline and online, as well as a number of features (e.g. instant messaging system, forums, audio and video recording) for interactions are implemented.

Real use of m-learning

In 2008, an M-Learning project was carried out at a school in Graz, using MLE and MLE-Moodle. The project was supported by the Austrian Ministry of Education. M-learning projects for schools in Germany were also developed and tested in practice. Media educators and computer scientists of the M-Learning project developed target group-specific concepts and open source software solutions together to integrate mobile learning into everyday teaching and the various subjects.

In Germany, the development of didactic concepts for mobile learning in in-company training is publicly funded. Current projects in the form of public-private partnerships take place, for example, in cooperation with the FernUniversität Hagen.

On January 1, 2011, the US Department of Education started a field test with the mobile learning platform ELSYonline. 100 colleges and high schools are integrated into the experiment.

As part of the BMBF project NetEnquiry, a serious mobile learning approach was developed.

literature

  • Hendrik Büdding, Ralph Carrie, Michael Homann, Ludger Humbert, Gerrit Kalkbrenner and others on the subject of mobile communication. In: Log In. Issue 145, 2007. ( online PDF, 698 kB)
  • Anja Dilk: The teacher in the back pocket - mobile learning is the latest trend in electronic learning. In: changeX - change in economy and society. February 23, 2005, no p.
  • Nicola Döring, Nicole Kleeberg: Mobile learning in schools. Development and research status. In: Educational Science - Journal for Learning Research. Volume 34, No. 1, 2006, pp. 70-92.
  • Birgit Gamböck: Mobile Learning: Much Ado About Nothing - Good applications are in short supply in the mobile world of learning. In: Economy & Further Education. No. 10, 2005, pp. 56-61.
  • Urs Gröhbiel, Christoph Pimmer: Mobile learning: Personnel development beyond the school desk . In: Personsl. No. 2, 2008, pp. 18-20.
  • Andreas Holzinger, Alexander Nischelwitzer, Matthias Meisenberger: Mobile Phones as a Challenge for m-Learning: Examples for Mobile Interactive Learning Objects (MILOs). 3rd International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communication (IEEE). 2005, pp. 307-311.
  • Karin Anna Hummel: Context-sensitive mobile learning. In: Klaus David, Lutz Wegner (Ed.): Mobile learning and research. Kassel 2003, pp. 5-16.
  • Maciej Kuszpa: Managers learn with the mobile phone - experiences with mobile e-learning in the further training of executives. In: Andreas Hohenstein, Karl Wilbers (Ed.): Handbook E-Learning. Expert knowledge from science and practice. 5.9.1, Cologne 2005, pp. 1-3.
  • Maciej Kuszpa: Mobile learning in professional development. In: education permanente. Volume 11, No. 4, 2007, pp. 14-15.
  • Maciej Kuszpa, Ewald Scherm: Mobile Learning - Learning becomes mobile. In: Human Resources. Volume 33, No. 2, 2006, pp. 40-42.
  • Matthias Meisenberger: mLearning - mobile, computer-aided, multimedia learning . 2004.
  • Christoph Meier: Design fields and perspectives for mobile learning in the university. In: Dieter Euler, Sabine Seufert (Ed.): E-learning in universities and educational centers. Design advice for educational innovations. Munich 2004, pp. 405-422.
  • Reinhard Oppermann, Markus Specht: Design learning in the company with m-learning. In: Andreas Hohenstein, Karl Wilbers (Ed.): Handbook E-Learning. Expert knowledge from science and practice. Cologne 2003, pp. 1–22.
  • Gerhard Schwabe, Dirk Frohberg: M-Learning - cooperative learning in context. In: Business Studies. Volume 33, No. 8-9, 2004, pp. 1071-1077.
  • M. Specht, M. Ebner, C. Löcker: Mobile and ubiquitous learning - technologies and didactic aspects. In: M. Ebner, S. Schön (ed.): Textbook for learning and teaching with technology. 2nd, revised edition. Bad Reichenhall 2013. (online)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Claudia de Witt, Almut Sieber (Ed.): Mobile Learning: Potentials, application scenarios and perspectives of learning with mobile devices. Springer, Wiesbaden 2013, ISBN 978-3-531-19483-7 , p. 14.
  2. ↑ Claudia de Witt: From e-learning to mobile learning - how smartphones and tablet PCs combine learning and work . In: Mobile Learning . Springer Fachmedien, Wiesbaden 2013, p. 18 .
  3. ↑ qualifizierungdigital.de
  4. ↑ elsyonline.com
  5. ↑ Marc Beutner: NetEnquiry. Innovative approaches to serious mobile learning for training and further education . Ed .: Marc Beutner. IK, Cologne, ISBN 978-3-946826-00-2 .