Mōri (clan)

Mōri on an old woodcut (detail)

Mōri coat of arms:
"Nagato three stars"
( 長門三つ星 , Nagato mitsuboshi ) or "straight line with three stars" ( 一文字に三つ星 , Ichimonji ni mitsuboshi )

Another coat of arms of the Mōri: " Chōshū arrow herb " ( 長州沢瀉 , Chōshū omodaka )

Main line residence near the Shogun Palace in Edo

Another Mōri residence in Edo (in the circle: Roppongi intersection)

The Mōri ( Japanese 毛利氏 , Mōri-shi ) were a family of the Japanese sword nobility ( Buke ), who descended from the Aki province and which was derived from Ōe no Hiromoto (1148-1225). With an income of 369,000 Koku , the Mōri residing in Hagi were among the great Tozama daimyō of the Edo period . Their name was traced back from the fiefdom ( Shōen ) Mōri in the district of Aikō in the province of Sagami . The generation of Hiromoto therefore began to refer to themselves as Mōri because of their origins.

history

Heian period

After the Jōkyū War , the Mōri were appointed administrators ( Jitō ) of a fief in Aki Province.

Kamakura time

In the Kamakura period , the Mōri were a prominent family among the Gokenin (servants of the Shōgun who were below the Hatamoto in the hierarchy , but above the simple samurai ) because of the fame of their ancestor Hirotomo . At the end of the Kamakura shogunate , the Mōri had moved away from the shogunate and showed a rapprochement with Ashikaga Takauji .

Suemitsu ( 季光 ; 1202-1247). Son of Hiromoto, the first to take the name Mōri.
- Tokichika ( 時親 )

Genealogy from the Sengoku period

Motonari ( 元就 ; 1497–1571) succeeded in the Sengoku period in expanding his power to the entire province of Aki and then to the neighboring provinces. Mōri was transformed from a local gokenin to a daimyo.

Takamoto ( 隆元 ; 1523–1563)
- Terumoto ( 輝元 ; 1553-1625). Since Takamoto died before Motonari, Terumoto succeeded his grandfather. In the civil war years he fought on Toyotomi Hideyoshi's side and built his residence in Hiroshima in 1591, had a considerable income of 1,200,000 koku. After a dispute with Toyotomi Hideyoshi, a general of Oda Nobunaga , both sides made peace and Mōri remained a daimyo of five provinces in the Chūgoku region . He became one of the five who took over the tutelage of Hideyoshi's son and led, at least nominally, the Western Army at the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 . After the defeat, he lost eight of his provinces except for Nagato and Suō.
  - Hidenari ( 秀就 ; 1595–1651) ⁽¹⁾
    - Narihiro (斎広; 1814–1836), descendant of Hidenari, also emerged as a scholar and wrote several books.
      - Motonori (元徳; 1839-1896), son of Mōri Hiroshige from the branch line based in Tokuyama, was adopted in 1851 by Yoshichika, brother and successor of Narihiro. He was one of the leading figures who brought about the overthrow of the shogunate. After 1868 Duke.
Motoharu ( 元春 ; 1530–15861) → Kikkawa ( 吉川氏 ) in Iwakuni , Suō Province
Takakage ( 隆景 ; 1532–1596) → Kobayakawa ( 小早川氏 )
Motoaki ( 元秋 ; 1552–1585)
Motoyasu ( 元康 ; 1560–1601). He followed his brother, who had died childless. The line ends with him.
Motokiyo ( 元清 ; 1551–1597)
- Hidemoto ( 秀元 ; 1579–1650)
  - Mitsuhiro ( 光広 ; 1616–1653)
    - Tsunamoto ( 綱元 ; 1651–1709)
      - Yoshimoto ( 吉元 ; 1677–1731) ⁽²⁾
  - Mototomo ( 元知 ; 1631–1683) ⁽³⁾
Motomasa ( 元政 ; 1559–1609)
Hidekane ( 秀包 ; 1566–1601)
- Motonobu
  - Motofusa ⁽⁴⁾

The coats of arms of the four branches

⁽¹⁾Main line in Chōshū (Hagi), 520,000 Koku

⁽²⁾Branch line in Chofu ( Chofu ), 36,000 Koku. After bombardment in 1863, moved to Katsuyama

⁽³⁾Branch line in Kiyosue , 10,000 Koku

⁽⁴⁾Branch line in Tokuyama , 45,000 Koku

Second residence Katsuyama-goten ( 勝山御殿 )

Side residence Yamaguchi-jō ( 山口城 )

Edo period

From the Tokugawa shogunate they were referred to as Tozama daimyo .

Meiji period

After the Meiji Restoration , in which the Mōri were significantly involved, the system of Han and daimyō was abolished. The head of the Mōri was now dubbed Kōshaku ( 公爵 , prince ).

Important personalities

Remarks

↑ The main line inherited the court title "Daizen tayū" ( 大膳太夫 ).

swell

↑ ^a ^b T. Furusawa: Kamon daicho . Kin'ensha, n.d., ISBN 4-321-31720-7 , p. 78.
↑ See sonpi bunmyaku , Vol. 3, pp. 97-104. Quoted in: Herbert Plutschow: Japan's Name Culture. The Significance of Names in a religious, Political and Social Context. Curzon 1995.
^ Edmond Papinot: Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan. Reprint of the original 1910 edition by Tuttle, 1972. ISBN 0-8048-0996-8 . P. Xxx.

literature

Masazuki Miura: Shiro to jinya. Saikoku-hen. Gakken, 2006. ISBN 4-05-604379-5 .

Web links

Commons : Mōri - collection of images, videos and audio files

[2] The main line inherited the court title "Daizen tayū" ( 大膳太夫 ).

[Kamon-1] T. Furusawa: Kamon daicho . Kin'ensha, n.d., ISBN 4-321-31720-7 , p. 78.

[3] See sonpi bunmyaku , Vol. 3, pp. 97-104. Quoted in: Herbert Plutschow: Japan's Name Culture. The Significance of Names in a religious, Political and Social Context. Curzon 1995.

[4] Edmond Papinot: Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan. Reprint of the original 1910 edition by Tuttle, 1972. ISBN 0-8048-0996-8 . P. Xxx.