Food leave
In medicine, food abstinence (or just maternity leave ) is the term given to the renunciation of food for a certain period of time, usually before a blood sample or an operation with anesthesia . Colloquially, one speaks of sobriety .
Specifically, food abstinence means that a few hours before an event (e.g. a test, an operation or sleep) the patient should not eat anything, neither solid nor liquid food - the exact recommendations differ depending on the measure.
Before taking a blood sample
The background to food abstinence in connection with blood sampling for medical tests is that food can falsify the results of certain tests, depending on the type of tests carried out. If it is necessary to appear sober for medical tests, then the recommendation is not to eat anything 12 to 14 hours before a test, i.e. not to consume solid or liquid food apart from water (and possibly unsweetened tea). In this context, the use of medication must also be reported to the doctor, as this can also falsify certain tests.
Before an operation
Before a planned procedure, you must abstain from food in order to avoid the gastric contents flowing back or vomiting and their penetration into the lungs ( aspiration ) during induction of anesthesia, as the anesthetics block the esophagus (closure force of the upper esophageal sphincter) and the patient's protective reflexes (Coughing, swallowing, choking).
The professional societies recommend a fasting of six hours for solid foods, for clear liquids such as water or coffee with less than a fifth of milk two hours are sufficient to ensure that the stomach is emptied. Children should be breastfed four hours before the procedure.
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- ↑ Duden - keyword "parental leave"
- ↑ http://www.abendblatt.de/ratgeber/wissen/medizin/article268210/Was-bedeutet-nuechtern.html
- ↑ A. Ng, G. Smith: Gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration of gastric contents in anesthetic practice. In: Anesth Analg. 2001 Aug; 93 (2), pp. 494-513. Review. PMID 11473886 .
- ↑ German Society for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (DGAI) and Professional Association of German Anesthetists (BDA): Preoperative sobriety requirement for elective interventions. In: Anaesthesiol Intensivmed. 2004; 45, p. 722.
- ↑ American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Preoperative Fasting: Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration: application to healthy patients undergoing elective procedures. In: Anesthesiology. 1999, 90, pp. 896-905.