Nasakom

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Nasakom was a political concept on which the Indonesian President Sukarno (ruled 1945-1967) ideologically based his presidency. Nasakom is an acronym consisting of the Indonesian words NASionalisme ( nationalism ), Agama ( religion ) and KOMunisme ( communism ).

In the mid-1950s, Sukarno openly criticized parliamentary democracy, which was based on constant conflict. This runs against the Indonesian idea of ​​harmony, which is a natural state of human coexistence. He strived for a system based on the traditional village system of consultation and consensus ( musyawara mufakat ) moderated by the village elder. In order to bring the three factions of Indonesian politics - the military, Islamic groups and communist grassroots organizations - into harmony, he propagated the concept of Nasakom. With the support of the military, he announced the Demokrasi Terpimpin (" controlled democracy ") in February 1957 . Cabinet members are said to come from all three of the aforementioned factions, including members of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI).

Sukarno's successor Suharto (reigned 1967-1998) introduced the term Orde Baru to differentiate it from Nasakom.

literature

  • John M. Echols, Hassa Shadilyn: Kamus Indonesia Inggris: An Indonesian-English Dictionary. 3. Edition. PT Gramedia, Jakarta 1989, ISBN 979-4037-56-7 .
  • T. Friend: Indonesian Destinies. Harvard University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-674-01137-6 , pp. 25, 82-83.
  • MC Ricklefs: A History of Modern Indonesia since c.1300. 2nd Edition. MacMillan, Basingstoke et al. 1991, ISBN 0-333-57690-X , p. 268.
  • Adrian Vickers: A History of Modern Indonesia. Cambridge University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-521-54262-6 , p. 146.