Nishi Rosen Agreement

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The Nishi-Rosen Agreement ( Japanese 西 ・ ロ ー ゼ ン 協定 , Nishi-Rōzen Kyōtei ; Russian Протокол Ниси - Розена , Protocol Nisi-Rozena ) was an agreement between the Japanese Empire and the Russian Empire regarding a reconciliation of interests in Korea . The agreement was signed on April 25, 1898 in Tokyo by Japanese Foreign Minister Nishi Tokujirō and his Russian counterpart Roman Romanowitsch Rosen .

background

After the Japanese victory in the First Sino-Japanese War , tensions arose over the question of the political and economic control of Korea between the Japanese Empire and the Russian Tsarist Empire. After the Russian government, which was striving for a free hand in Manchuria , initially signaled to the Japanese Empire that it no longer wanted to interfere in internal Korean affairs, the Japanese cabinet, led by Ito Hirobumi, suggested in return for a free hand Hand in Korea to recognize Manchuria as a Russian zone of influence ( Man-Kan Kōkan ). However, during the negotiations it became clear that Russia would not make such extensive concessions.

content

  1. Japan and Russia affirm the sovereignty and full independence of Korea and agree not to interfere in Korean internal affairs.
  2. In the event of a request from Korea for the advice or assistance of Japan or Russia, neither of the two Signatory Powers will send military or financial advisers to Korea without prior mutual agreement.
  3. Recognizing existing and developing commercial and industrial enterprises in Japan, as well as the large number of resident Japanese citizens in Korea, the Imperial Russian Government agrees not to impede the development of trade and industrial relations between Japan and Korea.

This protocol, which does not mention Manchuria, was aimed at confirming the balance between the Japanese Empire and the Russian Empire in Korea.

meaning

Although the agreement did not mean a withdrawal of the Russian Empire from Korea, the third provision of the treaty in particular enabled the Japanese side to re-enter the race for concessions on the Korean peninsula on an equal footing with the other western powers after the previous setbacks .

Ultimately, the agreement fixed the recognition of Russia's sphere of interest in Manchuria by Japan and the Russian recognition of Japan's special position in Korea for a very limited period of time.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Peter Duus: The Abacus and the Sword. The Japanese Penetration of Korea, 1895-1910. University of California Press, Berkeley 1995, p. 126
  2. ^ Ian Nish: The Origins of the Russo-Japanese War, London and New York 1985, p. 47
  3. ↑ Maik Hendrik Sprotte : Introduction, in: The Russian-Japanese War .
Japanese name: As is common in Japan, the family name comes before the first name in this article . Thus Nishi is the family name, Tokujirō the first name.