Arcuate nucleus

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The nucleus arcuatus ( lat . Nucleus "nucleus", arcuatus "curved"), also nucleus infundibularis , is a nucleus of the hypothalamus .

It lies in the tuber cinereum behind the eminentia mediana on the floor of the third cerebral ventricle and belongs to the small-cell nucleus of the hypothalamus. The arcuate nucleus produces releasing and inhibiting hormones .

This core is also particularly important in regulating appetite and growth. The appetite is inhibited by the anorexigenic peptides αMSH (α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone) and CART (cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript) located in the arcuate nucleus and stimulated by the orexigenic peptides NPY (neuropeptide Y) and AgRP. These neuropeptides are released in direct proportion to the level of leptin in the blood. Growth is influenced by the distribution of GhRH . The release of dopamine inhibits the secretion of prolactin and thus milk secretion.

literature

  • Martin Trepel, Neuroanatomy, Structure and Function, Munich; Jena: Elsevier, Urban & Fischer, 2008.
  • HP Rainer Klinke, Textbook of Physiology, Stuttgart: Thieme, 2005.
  • RF Schmidt and F. Lang, Human Physiology, Berlin: Springer, 2007.