Tuber cinereum
The tuber cinereum (from Latin "gray hump") is a collection of nerve cells in the diencephalon . It forms the bottom of the hypothalamus . The tuber cinereum merges into the pituitary stalk (infundibulum) like a funnel . It consists of three nuclei : nucleus ventromedialis , nucleus dorsomedialis and nucleus infundibularis (nucleus arcuatus).
Functions
The axons of the nerve cells in the infundibular nucleus terminate in the vessels of the pituitary stalk. Hormones (e.g. gonadotropin releasing hormone ) are released which control the function of the adenohypophysis . The nucleus ventromedialis plays a role in the regulation of hunger and satiety. The function of the dorsomedial nucleus in humans is not yet known.
Medical importance
In children, congenital malformations in the area of the tuber cinereum, so-called tuber cinereum hamartomas, are rarely detectable . This is ectopic neural tissue. Clinically, precocious puberty and elastic epileptic seizures ( seizure- like laughing or crying) are typical. In connection with polydactyly , tuber cinereum hamartomas also occur in Pallister Hall syndrome .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Werner Kahle, Michael Frotscher: Pocket Atlas Anatomy 03. Nervous system and sensory organs. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-13-492210-3 , p. 194
- ↑ chap. 12: The diencephalon ( memento from July 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), modification of the Medical Faculty of the University of Düsseldorf from the Functional Anatomy Curriculum for Dentists, Volume 2 , last accessed on October 17, 2011
- ↑ Birgit Ertl-Wagner: Pediatric Neuroradiology. Springer Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-00406-6 , p. 277.