Nung
Drying is a mountain people of Vietnam , which is 900,000 people, which currently has the sixth largest ethnic group in Vietnam. The name Nung is also used for ethnic groups in China , Laos and Cambodia . The Vietnamese Nung speak a central Tai language from the family of the Tai Kadai languages .
description
The 900,000 people are to be found in the provinces of the Vietnamese highlands inland to the west. The Nung live mainly from agriculture , such as rice cultivation , which they do in terraces on the slopes of the hills, and orchards in the lowlands. They produce rice , corn , mandarins , persimmons and aniseed, which are mainly sold in China and in the cities of Vietnam. They are also known for their craftsmanship, in dealing with the processing of bamboo and iron processing, as well as weaving and the extraction of the indigo dye . Their traditional woolen robes are famous . The various sub-groups of the Nung differ in the design of their houses. Some peoples build levels with the ground, others build them on stilts, which is especially important near water and in the mountains. The walls are often made of wickerwork and clay (clay plastered over a bamboo or stick frame). If stilts are used to raise the house from the ground, the space under the house, it is usually a pantry, which is protected from rats and other rodents by the stilts . The animals are often housed in the same room as the people. There are actually no cities in the Nung, at most there are villages; usually the houses are widely scattered to offer enough cultivation space. The standard of living of this mountain people is still below the other Vietnamese; the life expectancy is about 68 years.
history
The Nung have lived in Vietnam for at least a millennium. You are from China. In 1053 they suffered a massive military defeat against the Chinese. General Nung Chih Cao , one of the Nung leaders, fled with his clan to southern China. Later, in the 13th century, during the Mongol dynasty, they had to move to the highlands of Vietnam. The men of the Nung are known to be loyal, reliable and trustworthy, which is why they repeatedly served as mercenaries with various Asian military leaders in the Middle Ages and modern times. They were gifted for military service and had good soldiers. The Nung also served the French army in the Vietnam War , as well as the Americans and the Viet Minh in those gruesome 15 years. They achieved notoriety as torturers in this war . They were paid by the American soldiers to learn about the locations of the Viet Cong from prisoners subjected to arson torture . Today you can meet representatives of this people in the French Foreign Legion .
dress
Nung men usually dress with indigo- colored clothing. Indigo-dyed woolen vests with military Nung collars are a typical appearance, which is also worn in the event of war. Nung women also wear vests with a five-panel pattern. Here, too, as in many cultures, women's clothing is seen as more important than men's clothing. At the wedding, the bride actually carries all of her financial possessions in the form of silver jewelry on her body. In dances, it is customary for the girls to clink their dowries to the beat so that the dancer knows where he is. As headgear, there are mainly turbans, which are also decorated with indigo and other natural dyes.
religion
Many Nung practice an indigenous religion with animistic, totemic and shamanic characteristics similar to other Tai ethnic groups. Some Nung have adopted Buddhism.
literature
- Erich Fried : and Vietnam and . 1966.
- Nguyễn, Thị Yên (2009). Tày-Nùng Folk Beliefs. Hanoi: Social Sciences Publishing House. Vb 47561.