Oleosins

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Oleosins are structural proteins that are found in plant cells, more precisely in the oil body, the oleosome . They are integrated into the monolayer of the oleosome and prevent the individual lipid droplets from clumping together .

They consist of three parts: the N- and C-terminal domains are amphiphilic , while the middle part is hydrophobic . Models show that oleosins have a hairpin-like shape that protrudes into the triacylglyceride layer while the hydrophilic part remains outside the body of the oil.

Oleosins have been found in oil bodies of seeds , in cells of the tapetum, and in pollen .

Use for the production of recombinant proteins

Oleosins are used to easily produce recombinant proteins . These are cloned into the cells as fusion proteins with the oleosins, with a protease recognition sequence between the two proteins, e.g. for chymosin . Only then can the oil body be isolated by centrifugation. Then oleosins and recombinant protein are cut by a protease. The protein is normally more hydrophilic than the oleosins and will then dissolve in the aqueous phase and can be separated off with renewed centrifugation.

literature

  • Kai Hsieh, Anthony HC Huang: Lipid-rich tapetosomes in Brassica tapetum are composed of oleosin-coated oil droplets and vesicles, both assembled in and then detached from the endoplasmic reticulum. In: The Plant Journal. 43 (6), September 2005, pp. 889-899. doi: 10.1111 / j.1365-313X.2005.02502.x . PMC 1867322 (free full text). PMID 17307923 .
  • JT Tzen, GC Lie, AH Huang: Characterization of the charged components and their topology on the surface of plant seed oil bodies. In: J. Biol. Chem. 267 (22), August 1992, pp. 15626-15634. PMID 1639802 .

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