Olisthostrom

A olistostrome (v. Altgriech. Ὀλίσθημα olisthema "sliding" and στρῶμα stroma "the Spread") is a non-layered, chaotic, often several hundred meters thick rock mass that big an event a subaquatic landslide unstable masses on gently sloping hillsides without fluidization ( complete dissolution of the material down to the individual grain size).

The term was first used in scientific literature in 1955 by G. Flores for deposits in Sicily.

Olisthostromes are typically switched on in deep-sea sediments such as flysch or molasse deposits . They are also considered to be the ledges of streams of mud. They consist of a sandy-clayey-marly matrix and embedded rubble. These rock fragments and rock sequences of different sizes are called olistholith .

Olistholiths consist unclassified and disordered of older, angular solid rock and parts deformed during transport (foreign rock), and range in size from millimeters to kilometers in diameter: in some olisthostromes there are very large, several kilometers of broken clods and debris. Such a block is called olisthotrymma according to a proposal by Dieter Richter (1973) . Even larger, giant fragments that arise when entire shelf edges slide off, bear the name of Olisthoplaka . An example of such huge sliding masses are - according to current assumption - the Hallstatt ceiling of the Northern Limestone Alps (deep juvavikum ) Flachwasserkalke that in the Jura in the great basin of Tirolikums had already slid likely (rather than pushed by direct Alpenauffaltungsprozesse the Tirolikum). With such large masses one also speaks of sliding tectonics .

Individual evidence

↑ Rudolf Hohl (ed.): The history of the development of the earth . 7th edition, Werner Dausien Verlag, Hanau 1985, 703 pages ISBN 3-768-46526-8 . P. 631
↑ Andrea Festa; Gian Andrea Pinib; Yildirim Dilekc; Giulia Codegone: Mélanges and mélange-forming processes: a historical overview and new concepts . In: International Geology Review . tape 52 , no. 10–12 , 2010, pp. 1040–1105 ( miamioh.edu [PDF; accessed on July 18, 2014] see page 1046).
↑ Dieter Richter: Olistosthrom, Olistholith, Olisthotrymma and Olisthoplaka as features of sliding and resedimentation processes as a result of synsedimentary tectogenetic movements in geosynclinal areas . In: New Yearbook for Geolology and Palaontology, Treatises . tape 143 , no. 3 , 1973, p. 304-344 .
^ Nikolaus Froitzheim: Geology of the Alps. Part 1: General and Eastern Alps. 3.1. Ceiling division of the Northern Limestone Alps. Lecture script, steinmann.uni-bonn.de, undated (accessed November 20, 2018).

[1] Rudolf Hohl (ed.): The history of the development of the earth . 7th edition, Werner Dausien Verlag, Hanau 1985, 703 pages ISBN 3-768-46526-8 . P. 631

[2] Andrea Festa; Gian Andrea Pinib; Yildirim Dilekc; Giulia Codegone: Mélanges and mélange-forming processes: a historical overview and new concepts . In: International Geology Review . tape 52 , no. 10–12 , 2010, pp. 1040–1105 ( miamioh.edu [PDF; accessed on July 18, 2014] see page 1046).

[3] Dieter Richter: Olistosthrom, Olistholith, Olisthotrymma and Olisthoplaka as features of sliding and resedimentation processes as a result of synsedimentary tectogenetic movements in geosynclinal areas . In: New Yearbook for Geolology and Palaontology, Treatises . tape 143 , no. 3 , 1973, p. 304-344 .

[4] Nikolaus Froitzheim: Geology of the Alps. Part 1: General and Eastern Alps. 3.1. Ceiling division of the Northern Limestone Alps. Lecture script, steinmann.uni-bonn.de, undated (accessed November 20, 2018).